The Rise of the Nazis in the 1930s

• Why did Hitler become so popular?

  • Promised better employment
  • Anti-sematic views appealed those against communist parties
  • Hitler's private army (SA) presented him as well disciplined and structured
• What was Hitler's personality like?

  • Patriotic
  • Motivational
• Who did Hitler run against?

  Hindenburg
• How many seats did Hitler have in July 1932?

  230
• What did Hitler demand Hindenburg for?

  To be made Chancellor
• Which politician did Hitler strike a deal with?

  Von Papen
• What was the deal between Hitler and Von Papen?

  If Von Papen persuaded Hindenburg to make Hitler Chancellor, he'd make Von Papen Vice-Chancellor
• Why did Hindenburg agree to Von Papen's suggestion of making Hitler Chancellor?

  He thought:

  • He would be less extreme
  • He wouldn't be able to fix the economy (He wanted to do that himself to gain popularity)
  • He could control Hitler
• What did Hitler do with his new power?

  Held an election to gain more power in the Reichstag - March 1933
• What precautions did Hitler take in the March 1933 election?

  • Controlled the Media
  • Used SA to terrorise opponents
  • Set the Reichstag on fire and blamed the Communists
• How many seats did Hitler win after the March 1933 election?

  288
• What did Hitler do to achieve majority vote after the March 1933 election?

  Banned communist parties (They had 88 seats)
• What was the Enabling Act? When was it passed?

  A law that allowed Hitler and the Nazi Party to pass laws without Reichstag - March 1933
• When were Trade Unions banned?

  May 1933
• When did Germany become a One Party State?

  July 1933
• What was the Night of Long Knives?

  Hitler's assassination against leaders of the SA, and political leaders, including Ernst Rohm (Leader of SA)
• When was the Night of Long Knives?

  29th-30th October 1934
• How many people were killed or imprisoned on the Night of Long Knives?

  Several Hundred
• When did Hindenburg die? What did this mean for Hitler?

  August 1934 - Hitler could combine the roles of Chancellor and President to become Commander in chief of the Army (Start of Dictatorship)
• What did Hitler call himself?

  Der Fuhrer (The Leader)