Domain and kingdom

• The domain Eukarya includes all organisms with membrane-bound compartments, including animals, plants, fungi, protists, and some bacteria.
• Eukaryotic cells have complex structures such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, cytoskeleton, ribosomes, and vacuoles.
• Prokaryotes are single-celled microorganisms that lack a true nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles.
• Viruses are not considered living because they cannot reproduce without a host cell.
• Six kingdom system: eubacteria, archaebacteria, Protista , fungi, plantae, animalia
• Three domain: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
• The kingdom of the algae is Protista
• • Algae grow rapidly and hence the assimilation of carbon dioxide can be observed quickly
  • Algae grow well under uniform and easily controlled conditions
  • The reactions inside algae can be stopped rapidly
• Hot methanol kills algae rapidly to prevent further biochemical reactions, I.e.no further photosynthetic products formed
• Animals

  • Invertebrates
  • Vertebrates
• Invertebrates


  • Animals without backbone
• Invertebrates


  • Shrimp
  • Bee
  • Mosquito
• Vertebrates


  • Animals with backbone
• Crocodile

  Reptile, body covered with dry scales, has lungs
• Sea horse

  Fish, has wet scales, gills and fins
• Bat


  Mammal, has hair and mammary glands
• Whale and dolphin


  Mammals, have mammary glands and breathe with lungs