Endonetriyum kanseri
Cards (30)
- Semptomlar:
- Vajinal kanama (%90)
- Pürülan Vajinal Akıntı (Kötü prognoz belirtisi)
- Pelvik ağrı, bası ve rahatsızlık hissi
- Asemptomatik (<%5)
- Postmenopozal vajinal kanaması olan hastada endometrium kanseri olarak ele alınmalıdır, aksı ispat edilene kadar
- Öncesi Değerlendirme
- Tanı ve Tedavi:
- Cerrahi evreleme yapılır
- Tedavi:
- Primer tedavi cerrahidir
- Histerektomi + bilateral salpingo-ooferektomi ve gerektiğinde lenf nodu (pelvik-paraaortik) disseksiyonu + omentektomi
- Erken evrede Total Abdominal Histerektomi + BSO yeterlidir (Evre IA)
- Adjuvan tedavi seçenekleri:
- Radyoterapi
- Kemoterapi
- Kemoradyoterapi
- Prognostik faktörler
- Risk factors include age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tamoxifen use, nulliparity, early menarche, late menopause, estrogen-only HRT, and genetic predisposition.
- The incidence of endometrial carcinoma has increased over time due to changes in lifestyle habits such as obesity, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and dietary factors.
- Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy, accounting for approximately 30% of all cancers of the female reproductive system.
- Most patients present with localized disease that has not spread beyond the uterus.
- Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy with an increasing incidence rate over time.
- In Turkey, it ranks second among gynecological tumors after cervical cancer.
- Approximately 15% of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage when the tumor has invaded adjacent organs or metastasized to distant sites.
- There are two types of endometrial cancer: Type I (endometroid) and Type II (non-endometroid).
- The majority of endometrial cancers are diagnosed at an early stage due to symptoms such as abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge.
- Approximately 60% of patients are diagnosed at stage I, which means they have only localized disease within the uterus.
- Risk factors for endometrial cancer include unopposed estrogen exposure, tamoxifen use, genetic predisposition, and Lynch syndrome.
- Type I endometrial carcinoma accounts for about 80% of all cases and includes endometrioid adenocarcinomas, serous papillary carcinomas, clear cell carcinomas, and mixed epithelial/stromal tumors.