MARLEY

• ‘marley was dead’


  SIMPLE DECLARATIVE

  • indisputable
  • extremely clear
  • no mistake about his death
• ‘old marley was as dead as a door nail’ 


  SIMILIE AND IDIOM (as dead as a door nail)

  • no mistake
  • 100% dead
• ‘scrooge was his sole executor, his sole administrator, his sole friend and sole mourner’


  REPETITION (sole)

  • both men had been lone men of business
  • shows their lonely and isolated lives

  NOUN (mourner)

  • only person who was sad was scrooge
• ‘scrooge was not so dreadfully cut up by the sad event, but that he was an excellent man of business on the very day of the funeral’


  EUPHEMISM (cut up)

  • scrooge wasn’t actually that bothered

  FORESHADOWING

  • warning scrooge
  • no one went to his funeral
  • NO LEGACY
• ‘a clanking noise, deep down below: as if some person were dragging a heavy chain’


  ONOMATOPOEIA (clanking)

  • spooks scrooge
  • heavy and large

  PREPOSITION (below)

  • inference of hell
  • foreshadowing future

  VERB (dragging)

  ADJECTIVE (heavy)

  • extreme punishment
• ‘cash boxes, keys, padlocks, ledges, deeds, and heavy purses wrought in steel’


  ASYNDETIC LIST

  • things that have led to punishment
  • inference of money

  ADJECTIVE ( heavy)

  REPETITION

  • burden
• ‘ i wear the chain i forged in life’


  VERB (forged)

  • deliberate actions of wrongdoing
  • should always help mankind

  NOUN (life)

  • warning to scrooge
• ‘no rest, no peace, incessant torture of remorse’


  METAPHOR

  • social comment
  • should care and help people in need

  NOUNS ( rest + peace)

  • luxuries for marley
  • sympathy is created
  • cannot put right
• ‘i am here tonight to warn you’


  VERB (warn)

  • scrooge has a chance of redemption
  • biblical illusion

  PRONOUN (you)

  • direct message to scrooge