3rd Monthly Exam

• Basketball a sport played by two teams of five players on a rectangular court one of the world's most popular and widely viewed sports a team can score a field goal by shooting the ball through the basket during regular play
• to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches(46 cm) in diameter and 10 feet (3.0 m) highmounted to a backboard at each end
• December 1891 Canadian American Dr. James Naismith, a physical education professor and instructor at the International Young Men's Christian Association Training School (YMCA)(today, Springfield College)in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA), was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day
• Basketball was originally played witha soccer ball The first balls made specifically for basketballwere brown, and it was only in the late 1950s that Tony Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be more visible to players andspectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in common use
• Dribbling was not part of the original gameexcept for the "bounce pass" to teammatesPassing the ball was the primary means ofball movement. Dribbling was eventually introduced butlimited by the asymmetric shape of earlyballs
• Influenced by the children's game named Duck on a Rock The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in Albany, NewYork on January 20, 1892 with nine players By 1897-1898 teams of five became standard
• MEN 29.5 inches in circumference (size 7, or a "295 ball") and weighs 22 oz
• WOMEN 28.5 inches in circumference (size 6, or a "285 ball") with aweight of 20 oz.
• A regulation basketball court in internationalgames is 91.9 feet long and 49.2 feet wide. In the NBA the court is 94 feet by 50 feet.Most courts havewood flooring, usuallyconstructed from maple planks running inthe same direction as the longer courtdimension.The name and logo of the hometeam is usually painted on or around thecenter circle.
• The basket is a steel rim 18 inchesdiameter with an attached netaffixed to a backboard thatmeasures 6 feet by 3.5 feet and onebasket is at each end of the court.The white outlined box on thebackboard is 18 inches high and 2feet wide.
• At almost all levels of competition, thetop of the rim is exactly 10 feet abovethe court and 4 feet inside the baseline.While variation is possible in thedimensions of the court and backboard,it is considered important for the basketto be of the correct height – a rim that isoff by just a few inches can have anadverse effect on shooting
• official is a person who has theresponsibility to enforce the rules andmaintain the order of the game
• Crew chief - the lead officialusually performs the jump ball
• Umpires same responsibilities with thelead official only that they areonly assistantsa.k.a. Referees
• SCORER The one who will record the points, violationsand fouls gained by each teamUses score sheet for documentary purposesand scoreboard for letting the teams knowabout their status in the game
• TIMEKEEPERS responsible for monitoring the time of the game
• BASIC SKILLS POSITIONING, SHOOTING, REBOUNDING, PASSING, DRIBBLING, AND BLOCKING
• since the 1980s, more specific positions have evolved
• Point guard usually the fastest player on the team,organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball andmaking sure that it gets to the right player at the righttime.
• Shooting guard creates a high volume of shots onoffense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the opponent'sbest perimeter player on defense.
• Small forward often primarily responsible for scoringpoints via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; ondefense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes playsmore actively.
• Power forward plays offensively often withtheir back to the basket; on defense, playsunder the basket (in a zone defense) oragainst the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defense).
• Center uses height and size to score (onoffense), to protect the basket closely (ondefense), or to rebound.
• Shooting the act of attempting to score points bythrowing the ball through the basket,methods varying with players and situationsa player faces the basket with both feetfacing the basket A player will rest the ball on the fingertips ofthe dominant hand (the shooting arm) slightlyabove the head, with the other handsupporting the side of the ball
• Shooting the ball is usually shot by jumping (thoughnot always) and extending the shooting arm the shooting arm, fully extended with thewrist fully bent, is held stationary for amoment following the release of the ball,known as a follow-throughplayers may shoot directly into the basketor may use the backboard to redirect the ballinto the basket
• 3 Types of Shooting JUMPSHOT, LAY-UP, and SLAM DUNK
• Rebounding the objective of rebounding is tosuccessfully gain possession of thebasketball after a missed field goal or freethrow, as it rebounds from the hoop orbackboard this plays a major role in the game, as mostpossessions end when a team misses a shot
• OFFENSIVE REBOUNDS which the ball is recovered by theoffensive side and does not changepossession
• DEFENSIVE REBOUND in which the defending team gainspossession of the loose ball
• PASSING a method of moving the ballbetween playersmost passes are accompanied bya step forward to increase powerand are followed through with thehands to ensure accuracy
• 6 TYPES OF PASS Chest Pass, Bound Pass, Overhead Pass, Outlet Pass, No-look Pass, and Behind-the-back Pass
• A field goal scores two points for the shooting team if a player is touching or closer to the basket than the three-point line, and threepoints (known commonly as a 3 pointer or three) if the player is behind the three-point line. The team with the most points at the end ofthe game wins, but additional time (overtime) may be issued when the game ends with a draw
• CHEST PASS the ball is passed directly from the passer'schest to the receiver's chest. A proper chestpass involves an outward snap of the thumbsto add velocity and leaves the defence littletime to react
• BOUNCE PASS the passer bounces the ball crisply about two-thirds of the way from his own chest to the receiver the receiver the ball strikes the court and bounces up toward the receiver the bounce pass takes longer to complete than the chest pass, but it is also harder for the opposing team to intercept (kicking the ball deliberately is a violation) -players often use the bounce pass in crowded moments, or to pass around a
• overhead pass used to pass the ball over a defender the ball is released while over the passer's head
• OUTLET PASS occurs after a team gets defensive reboundnext pass after rebounding
• NO LOOK PASS a special way ofdoing this is passing the ball without looking at the receiving teammate
• BEHIND-THE-BACK PASS advanced style ofpassing the ball involves throwing theball behind the passer'sback to a teammate
• DRIBBLING the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps a player pushes the ball down towards the ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it; this ensures greatercontrol with the ball
• BLOCKING performed when, after a shot is attempted, a defender succeeds in altering the shot by touching the ball