Antarctica

• The Convention Area is all of the waters bounded by the Antarctic continent to the south, and to the north by a specific line, covering areas beyond the Antarctic Treaty’s 60 degrees South zone
• Map of Antarctica

  
• Antartica's location and geography

  
  

  • South of the Antarctic Circle
  • the southern most waters of the world
  • south of 60 degrees latitude
  • the coldest, windiest and driest continent
  • average temp. = -49
  • mean annual precipitation is less than 50mm per annum
• The concept of the Global Commons causes issues in the management of areas that fall outside national jurisdiction and to which all nations have access. There is likely to be increased pressures on such areas as resources become more scarce.
• Antarctica is not a nation-state and does not have a government to manage it or make decisions.
• As a global common that is threatened by over-exploitation, Antarctica needs to be governed by global institutions to manage it sustainably.