Exam 1

• Experimental study


  a study that manipulates the independent variable and that also has a control group.
• correlational study


  a study that does not use manipulation. there is no true dependent nor independent variables.
• quasi-experiment?


  No random people asigne to group, but similar to experimental study.
• manipulation

  The independent variable
• control group?

  a group in an experiment that does not receive that experimental treatment and it use as a baseline.
• random assignment? 


  people are randomly divide into group.
• Independent variable


  The variable that is being manipulated by the experimenter.
• Dependent variable 


  the variable that is being measured
• scale of measurement?

  Nominal

  ordinal

  interval

  ration
• nominal 


  is used on data categorized by name only
• ordinal 


  is used to organize data that has an order
• interval 


  a scale that organizes by having an order with equal measurements between data points but does no have a true zero point
• ration 


  organizes data by having an order with equal measurements between data point that also has a true zero point
• discrete 


  data that have a clear spaces between values
• continuous 


  Data that falls in a constant sequence
• Parameter 


  A number that is used to represent a population characteristic and that generally cannot be determined easily
• statistics


  A characteristic of a sample drawn from a population
• Descriptive statistic?


  Summary
• inferential statistic?


  Drawing conclusions about a population based on sample data.
• DV

  Dependent variable
• IV


  Independent variable
• x

  variable
• RF

  relative frequency
• M

  Mean
• μ

  mean of the sample
• ∑

  Sigma
• z


  z-score
• f


  frequency
• n

  total number of number of data values
• IQR

  Interquartile range
• (n-1)

  degree of freedom
• SD


  standard deviation
• SS

  sum of square
• σ 

  Population
• (s)^2

  sample
• CRF

  accumulate relative frequency
• X - mean

  Deviation
• Properties of normal distributions?

  The mean, medial and mode are exactly the same.
• Effect of extreme score on M

  The mean is sensitive to extreme score when population sample are small
• extreme score affect the S/SD?

  If there are outlier, this would have little effect on the standard deviation.