H. Edu

• Health education is being revised due to the number of health problems affecting teens/populations
• Issues include:

  • Use and abuse of alcohol and drugs, teen pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases in adolescence
  • Increasing health concerns in adults such as HPN, DM, which are preventable
• Objectives for BSN level 1 students:

  • Acquire adequate knowledge, beginning skills, and positive attitude
• History of health education:

  • Health education has been around since the dawn of humans
  • Health education first took place during the pre-historic era when individuals warned others against harmful substances
  • Alma Ata declaration of Primary Health Care in 1978 recognized health education as a fundamental tool for health for all
• Aims and principles of health education:

  • Motivating people to adopt health-promoting behaviors by providing appropriate knowledge and helping develop positive attitudes
  • Helping people make decisions about their health and acquire necessary confidence and skills
  • Health education should be need-based and aim at changing behavior
  • Free flow of communication is necessary for proper feedback and clarification of doubts
  • Health educators should adjust their communication to suit the group they are educating
• Approaches to health education:

  • The persuasion approach: deliberate attempt to influence others (directive approach)
  • The informed decision-making approach: giving information and skills for decision-making
• Targets for health education:

  • Individuals, groups, communities
• Health education settings:

  • Communities, health care facilities, work sites, schools, prisons, refugee camps
• Concepts of health and illness:

  • Health means "whole" and concerns the whole person and well-being
  • WHO definition of health: state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
  • Dimensions of health: emotional, environmental, intellectual, occupational, physical, social, spiritual, mental, financial
• Factors affecting level of functioning (OLOF):

  • Political, health care delivery system, behavioral components, socioeconomic influences, environmental influences, heredity
• Health as a basic human right:

  • Embodied in laws such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Philippine Constitution of 1987
• Health and wellness in today's world:

  • Wellness viewed as a positive quality and integration of 8 dimensions of health and wellness
• Health education as an emerging profession:

  • Developing and providing instruction and learning experiences for behavior conducive to health
  • Health promotion: enabling people to increase control over and improve their health
• Principles of health education:

  • Essential for improving community health and promoting good health practices, preventive services, correct medication use, early disease symptom recognition, and community support for primary health care
• Steps in developing a health education/promotion program:

  • Determine personal needs, consider program options, set goals and objectives, structure the program, evaluate the program
• Emerging trends in health care:

  • New healthcare economics and advances in medical technology
• Curriculum refers to all learning experiences offered by an educational institution, including formal courses, extracurricular activities, field trips, and other experiential opportunities.
• One of the important functions of a nurse is as a health educator, explicitly stated in the duties of the Nurse in Rule IV, Article VI, Section 28 of the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 (RA 9173)
• Duties of a nurse include:

  • Providing health education to individuals, families, and communities
  • Teaching, guiding, and supervising students in nursing education programs
  • Administering nursing services in varied settings like hospitals and clinics
• The nursing education program in the Philippines provides a sound general and professional foundation for nursing practice based on national and universal nursing core competencies
• Core Competency Standards for Nursing Practice in the Philippines include:

  • Safe & quality nursing practice
  • Management of resources & environment
  • Health education
  • Legal responsibility
  • Ethico-moral responsibility
  • Personal & professional development
  • Quality improvement
  • Research
  • Record management
  • Communication
  • Collaboration & teamwork
• Legal bases for nursing practice are outlined in Article 3 Sec.9 (c) of R.A. 9173, the Philippine Nursing Act 2002
• The role of a nurse educator includes possessing adequate knowledge of educational principles and current trends and techniques applied in the classroom
• Role functions of a nurse educator:

  • Instructional role (central function)
  • Faculty role
  • Individual role
• Role and responsibilities of a health educator:

  1. Assess Needs, Resources, and Capacity for Health Education/Promotion

  2. Plan Health Education/Promotion

  3. Implement Health Education/Promotion

  4. Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education/Promotion

  5. Administer and Manage Health Education/Promotion

  6. Serve as a Health Education/Promotion Resource Person

  7. Communicate, Promote, and Advocate for Health, Health Education/Promotion, and the Profession
• Historical foundations for the educator/teaching role of nurses:

  • Florence Nightingale emphasized the function of teaching to promote health and recovery
  • The National League for Nursing recognized the importance of health teaching for health promotion and illness prevention
  • The International Council of Nurses endorsed health education as essential for nursing care delivery
• The education process involves systematic, sequential planned actions with teaching and learning as interdependent functions, with the teacher and learner as key players
• Keywords:

  • Teaching: deliberate intervention for instructional activities and experiences
  • Instruction: communication of information about specific skills
  • Learning: a change in behavior (knowledge, skills, attitude)
  • Patient education: assisting people to learn health-related behaviors
• Pillars of the Teaching-Learning Process:

  • Teacher
  • Learner
  • Subject matter
• Characteristics of an effective teacher:

  1. Role model

  2. Professional competence

  3. Willingness to learn new roles and teaching methods

  4. Ability to reflect on performance

  5. Desire for self-improvement and success
• One of the important functions of a nurse is as a health educator, explicitly stated in the duties of the Nurse in Rule IV, Article VI, Section 28 of the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 (RA 9173)
• Duties of a nurse include:

  • Providing health education to individuals, families, and communities
  • Teaching, guiding, and supervising students in nursing education programs
  • Administering nursing services in varied settings like hospitals and clinics
• The nursing education program should provide a sound general and professional foundation for nursing practice based on national and universal nursing core competencies
• Core Competency Standards for Nursing Practice in the Philippines include:

  • Safe & quality nursing practice
  • Management of resources & environment
  • Health education
  • Legal responsibility
  • Ethico-moral responsibility
  • Personal & professional development
  • Quality improvement
  • Research
  • Record management
  • Communication
  • Collaboration & teamwork
• Legal bases for nursing practice are outlined in Article 3 Sec.9 (c) of R.A. 9173, the Philippine Nursing Act 2002
• The role of a nurse educator includes possessing adequate knowledge of educational principles and current trends and techniques
• Role functions of a nurse educator:

  • Instructional role (central function)
  • Faculty role
  • Individual role
• Role and responsibilities of a health educator:

  1. Assess Needs, Resources, and Capacity for Health Education/Promotion

  2. Plan Health Education/Promotion

  3. Implement Health Education/Promotion

  4. Conduct Evaluation and Research Related to Health Education/Promotion

  5. Administer and Manage Health Education/Promotion

  6. Serve as a Health Education/Promotion Resource Person

  7. Communicate, Promote, and Advocate for Health, Health Education/Promotion, and the Profession
• Historical foundations for the educator/teaching role of nurses:

  • Florence Nightingale emphasized the function of teaching to promote health and recovery
  • The National League for Nursing recognized the importance of health teaching for health promotion and illness prevention
  • The International Council of Nurses endorsed health education as essential for nursing care delivery
  • The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations delineated nursing standards for patient education
• The education process involves systematic, sequential planned actions with teaching and learning as key functions, with the teacher and learner as key players