patterns beyond the sky

• sarah knapton (2017) - stated that as more clouds form, the climate cools which have a major impact on the long term weather
• solar energy - is fundamentally responsible for weather and climate, and changes in the suns energy output can change the climate
• pointer stars - are stars far end of the cup
• autumn - the big dipper is close to the northern horizon
• fall - the big dipper cup opens upward straight up at midnight on september 8
• spring - the cup opens downward straight down on march 8
• sun - is a massive dense ball of gas
• stars - formed from swirling clouds of hydrogen gas in the deep space between other stars
• nebulae - such clouds between stars
• the sun's interior has three shells : core, radiation zone, convection zone
• core is the hot, dense region where nuclear fusion reactions release gamma ray and x-ray radiations
• radiation zone - less dense than the core with a density that is the same as water
• covection zone - has a density of about one percent of the water's density
• the brightest od a star could be described in two ways: apparent magnitude and absolute magnitude
• apparent magnitude - describe the brightness of a star as it appears to you in the night sky
• absolute magnitude - refers to the real and exact brightness of a star at a distance
• stars also differ in terms of colors : reddish-cooler stars, bluish-white-hotter stars, yellowish star
• the diagram classifies the stras into : white dwarfs, main sequence, giants, super giants
• white dwarfs - are located at the lower left because they are faint, white hor stars. are faint because thay are small in size
• main sequence - stars run from the top left to the lower right. these stars are normal, mature stars that are using their nuclear fuel at a steady rate
• giant and super giants - are on the upper left and right of main sequence
• giants are the brightest, bluish to reddish, and most massive stars
• constellation - the patterns of the stars in the sky. cyrrently there are 88 constellations in the sky