household electricity

• the cell or battery that provides us current which remains constant with time is called direct current.
• alternating charges- which charges its magnitude and polarity.
• potential difference is defined as the work done in a moving unit from 1 electrode to another.
• potential difference is expressed in the unit volt after Alessandro volta.
• current is the rate of flow of charges in a unit time. It is measured in ampere after the scientist Andre Marie ampere.
• there are 3 wires

  1. live wire
  2. neutral
  3. earth
• 1. live wire carries the current for source to distribution board.

  2. neutral wire is for the return path of current.

  
  

  3. earth wire passes the current to earth and prevents shocks
• 1)live wire has 220 v and in red or brown in color.

  
  

  2) neutral wire has 0 v and in black or light blue in color.

  
  

  3)earth wire has 0 v and in green or yellow in color
• electrical energy is measure in B.O.T (board of trade) or kwh (kilowatt hour) or simply as a unit.
• 1 kwh is defined as the amount of energy consumed when a electrical appliance of power 1 kwh is used for 1 hour.
• electric meter- measures the amount of electricity used by a consumer in the unit kwh.
• the main part of a meter is armature.
• the electric fuse is a device which is used to limit the current in a electrical circuit.
• if a live wire comes in contact with neutral wire, it leads to a short circuit.
• a fuse has to have

  1. a short wire with low melting point
  2. it is connected with a series of live wires
  3. the thickness of the wire depends on the current rating.
• MCB - miniature circuit breaker
• when access current flows in the MCB, it automatically falls down to break the electric circuit. it resets after the fault is rectified.
• all electric appliances are connected in parallel.
• I = P / V
• electric energy is sold in kilowatt hour (kwh).
• P = W / T
• W = V x I x T
• P = 1W = 1V x 1A
• 1. I = current
  2. W = watt
  3. A = ampere
  4. V = volt
  5. t = time
  6. P = power