wars

• Little Crows War 1862

  causes - reservations didn't produce enough food and if they tried to leave reservation they were refused supplies as punishment

  events - starving people so Little Crow took food from Agency warehoues and distributed, attacked settler towns and 600 settlers + US soliders killed

  consequences - 400 Sioux warriors on trial and most sentenced to death, rest had to move to crow creek reservation
• Sandcreek Massacre 1864

  causes - conflict due to gold being found in Colorado, Black Kettle wanted to discuss peace

  events - Black Kettle set up camp at Sand Creek believing he was under army protection. Chivington raided with 700 troops ignoring Black Kettle's white and US flag. 130 men, women and children killed

  consequences - Black Kettle escaped attacking forts and settlers, new treaty promised to move Cheyenne and Arapaho onto new reservations
• Red Cloud's War 1866-68

  causes - Sioux angered by white settlers trespassing, red cloud wanted to discuss new treaty but discovered that army already brought materials to build forts on bozeman trail

  events - attacked soldiers and workers building forts, 3000 warriors fighting 700 US soldiers

  consequences - closed trail, red cloud agreed to take people to a reservation in Dakota, second fort laramie treaty recognised great sioux reservation exclusive to sioux nation
• Lincoln County War 1878

  causes - between cattle barrons over land, war sparked by murder of Tunstall

  events - revenge for tunstalls murder, gang called regulators including Billy the Kid, 5 day battle, 19 men died

  consequences - Billy the Kid famous and on the run
• Johnson County War 1892

  conflict between ranchers and homesteaders

  causes - beef barons accused ranchers and homesteaders of rustling

  1889 Jim Averill and Ella Watson lynched because they called cattle barons land grabbers but no one was charged for crime

  events - cattle barrons planned full scale invasion on Johnson county and planned to kill 70 rustlers, plan went wrong as locals were armed and ready so retreated, 2 dead several wounded

  consequences - invaders brought to trial but never convicted for their actions as trial kept being delayed
• Battle of Little Big Horn 1876

  causes - gold found in Black Hills

  events - custers 600 men slaughtered by 2000 indians, split forces into three and army didn't understand the geography

  consequences - greatest native american victory but only strengthened reasons why US army wanted to defeat them, previous treaties can now be ignored, plains indians must remain on reservations and black hill was open for settlement
• Wounded Knee Massacre 1890

  causes - ghost dance to raise dead and unsettled whites, government cut sioux rations, crop failure

  events - shots fired when us army tried to disarm sioux, 250 sioux and 25 US soldiers dead

  consequences - ended indian frontier so no land belonged to any nation, final supression of native americans by force, ended plains indians conflict as tribes began to accept reservations