PRACTICE TEST

• Algae in the aquarium carry on photosynthesis only
• Protozoa do not produce oxygen
• Protozoa act as producers and decomposers
• Unicellular organism with cilia, an oral groove, food vacuoles, and no chloroplasts carries on heterotrophic nutrition
• In kingdom Monera, gas exchange occurs through cell membranes
• Fungi are classified as heterotrophs because they absorb food from the environment
• Organism in the diagram should be classified as a bacterium
• Green algae obtain carbon dioxide from the environment for autotrophic nutrition
• Light intensity affects the growth of algae
• Flagella, cilia, and pseudopods increase the chances of survival of unicellular organisms by increasing opportunities to obtain food
• Organisms that ingest organic materials are classified as heterotrophic
• Scientific name of the common housefly, Musca domestica, indicates the housefly's genus and species
• Organisms are grouped into a five-kingdom classification system based on their structure and evolutionary relationships
• Scientific name of the wolf, Canis lupus, indicates the wolf is a member of the genus Canis and the species lupus
• Organisms are classified into kingdoms primarily based on structure
• White perch (Monrone americana) and grass pickerel (Esox americanus) are most closely related vertebrates
• Organism X appeared on Earth much earlier than organism Y, with X being simple multicellular and Y being unicellular
• Species that appears to have been most successful in surviving changes in the environment over time is species H
• Based on the data table, the names of the organisms with the number of amino acid differences in the hemoglobin molecules compared with humans are not provided
• Species A and E would most likely show the greatest similarities in their amino acid sequences
• Species C is the common ancestor to all of the other species
• Species K was not able to adapt to its environment
• Species E was best adapted for survival in changing environmental conditions
• The group of organisms most closely related to the Arthropoda group is Annelida
• The correct classification group for each animal in the dichotomous key is:

  • Wasp: group D
  • Ant: group D
  • Tiger: group A
  • Bird: group B
• The major concept of the biological theory of evolution is that present-day organisms on Earth developed from earlier, distinctly different organisms
• The order of biological evolution on Earth is: Simple, single-celled organisms appear -> Multicellular organisms begin to evolve -> The diversity of multicellular organisms increases
• The pattern of evolutionary pathways of various animal species is most likely the result of alterations within the nucleus
• The conclusion that dinosaurs are related to modern chickens is based on molecular similarities
• An inference from the evolutionary pathways diagram is that many of the descendants of organism B became extinct
• Species habilis, robustus, and boisei lived on Earth during the same time period
• Species human, horse, gorilla, chimpanzee, and zebra have the following sequence of four amino acids found in the same part of the hemoglobin molecule:

  • Human: Lys-Glu-His-Phe
  • Horse: Arg-Lys-His-Lys
  • Gorilla: Lys-Glu-His-Lys
  • Chimpanzee: Lys-Glu-His-Phe
  • Zebra: Arg-Lys-His-Arg

  The evolutionary tree that best represents this information is not provided