Art 1301 chapter 6

• Shapes: suggest the impersonal public spaces of today's mass-produced world: offices, classrooms, airports and stadiums.
• 1950s - Comics Code Authority
• What are the three reasons to draw?

  Preliminary sketches for other works, notes (record), and self- expression/finished work.
• Drawing is the act or the act of making a figure, plan or sketch by means of lines.
• The drawing of Henry Moore not only provides us with a record of events but also shares his feelings and experiences of the war.
• Carton

  From the italian cartone, meaning "paper" or drawing done to scale for a painting or a fresco.
• Artist may draw for no other reason than to understand the world around them. For example Leonardo da Vinci and his notebook.
• Practice in drawing is skill building
• A simple sketch may be a starting point for something much larger and complex.
• Techniques

  Hatching, cross-hatching, cross contour
• Drawing materials are generally divided into two categories: dry media and liquid media.
• Dry media

  metalpoint, chalk, charcoal, graphite, and pastel
• Liquid medium

  pigments, (powdered color), are suspended in liquid binders
• Charcoal

  burned wood - can create thin or thick lines, dark or lines. There are two types of charcoal: compressed and vine (made from grapevines).
• Fixative

  A thin varnish sprayed over a drawing to help seal the paper to prevent smudging.
• Pastel Chalks

  softer than regular chalk, blends better, often mistaken for a painting medium.
• The hard grain pastels in use in the 1700 produce a fine color shading.
• Wash


  when ink is diluted with water and applied by brush in broad, flat areas.
• Drawing with a brush is a technique with a long tradition in the east, perhaps because the brush is used there as a writing instrument.
• The Guttenberg Bible was printed


  1450-1456
• The Nuremberg Chronicle: View of Venice
• Printing press from 1811
• Intaglio Processes

  1. Engraving

  2. Etching

  3. Drypoint
• AP – artist proof
• Matrix

  Block of metal, wood, stone, or other material that an artist works to create a print
• Each image is called an impression
• Printing Media
• Woodcut- image is drawn on the wood and the areas not meant to be printed are cut and gouged out. When the block is inked, only the raised areas take the ink. The block is pressed onto the paper or the paper is rubbed on the block and ink is transferred
• Woodcuts originated in China
• Printmaking technologies were developed in China

  9th century
• Hand colored after it was printed
• A limited amount of impressions is called an edition, e.g., 10/1000
• Printmaking originated in the west soon after the appearance of the first book printed with movable type
• A print is defined as a single impression or example, of a multiple edition of impressions, made on paper from the same matrix
• Prints differ from most 2D work in two ways: 1. They are made by an indirect process 2. The printing process results in many nearly identical images
• Relief processes

  1. Woodcut

  2. Wood engraving

  3. Linocut
• Value of a print
• Desire to spread religion
• 3 kinds of Relief

  • Woodcut
  • Wood engraving
  • Linocut
• Rockwell Kent: 'Workers of the World, Unite. 1937'