Islamiyat

• Fiqh covers all aspects of life including religious rituals, business, family life, morality, and judicial matters.
• Hazrat Umer's Caliphate
• The main events during the time of Umer's Caliphate
• The battle of Nammaraq was wone by Muslims during the time of Umer
• Umar faced many challenges as a leader, such as dealing with rebellions from tribes like Banu Hanifa and Banu Asad
• Umar also faced external threats from neighboring empires like Persia and Byzantium
• Umar had to deal with internal conflicts within his own community, such as disagreements over taxes and land ownership
• Umar had to deal with internal conflicts within his own community, such as disputes over inheritance and property ownership
• He also introduced a new coinage system known as dirham
• During his caliphate, Umar established a system to collect taxes called Zakah
• During Umar's caliphate, he established a system of taxation called Zakah which is still practiced today
• Umar encouraged trade and commerce through various measures
• He also encouraged education through the establishment of schools known as Madrasas.
• Umar implemented policies that helped stabilize society, including establishing a system of taxation called Zakah and creating a centralized government.
• Umar established a system of taxation called Zakah, which is still practiced today
• Umar played an important role in spreading Islam beyond Arabia, sending out missionaries to spread the message of Allah.
• Umar introduced the concept of "Aman" or peace treaties between Muslim armies and non-Muslim communities
• Umar's leadership style emphasized consultation (shura) and consensus-building among Muslim leaders.
• "Aman" allowed non-Muslim communities to live under Islamic rule without being forced to convert to Islam.
• Umar established a central government that included an army, treasury, judiciary, and administrative departments.
• Zakah is an obligatory charity payment made by Muslims on their wealth annually.
• Umar encouraged the spread of Islamic knowledge through education and scholarship.
• The amount of zakah varies based on the type of asset being taxed.
• The amount of zakah paid varied depending on the type of asset being donated (e.g., gold, silver, crops).
• Umar's leadership style was characterized by consultation (shura) and consensus-building among his advisors and followers.
• Zakah was mandatory for all Muslims who met certain criteria based on their wealth or income.
• Umar was committed to justice and fairness in all aspects of governance
• Zakah funds were used to support various charitable causes, including helping the poor and needy, providing food and shelter to travelers, and supporting religious institutions.
• Umar implemented policies that promoted social welfare and equality among Muslims.
• Umar played an important role in the development of Islamic law during his time as Caliph.
• Abu Bakr faced challenges during his short reign including rebellions from tribes who refused to pay tribute to the Muslim state.
• The Islamic Golden Age was characterized by advancements in science, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, literature, philosophy, and art.
• After the death of the prophet Muhammad, Abu Bakr became the first Caliph or successor of the prophet.
• The first mosque built by Muslims was the Prophet Mosque (Masjid Nabawi) in Medina.
• Islamic scholars during this time translated Greek texts into Arabic, leading to significant contributions to knowledge in these fields.
• The Islamic calendar begins with the year of Prophet Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina (622 CE)
• Muslim scientists made important discoveries such as algebra, trigonometry, and optics.
• "Aman" allowed non-Muslim communities to live under Islamic rule without being forced to convert to Islam
• The Islamic calendar consists of twelve lunar months, with an extra month added every few years to keep it synchronized with the solar year
• The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) appointed Abu Bakr as his successor during his final illness, but some Muslims disagreed with this decision.