measurements and experimentation
Cards (52)
- Measurement is the process of comparison of the given physical quantity with the known standard quantity of the same nature
- A fundamental unit is that unit which is independent of any other unit or which can neither be changed nor be related to any other fundamental unit
- Derived units are those which depend on the fundamental units or which can be expressed in terms of fundamental units
- C.G.S system:centimeter, gram, second
- F.P.S System:foot, pound, second
- M.K.S System:meter, kilogram, second
- 1 cm = 10^-2 m
- 1mm = 10^3m = 10^-1 cm
- 1 micrometer = 10^-6 m = 10^-4 cm = 10^-3 mm
- 1 nanometer(nm)= 10^-9 m
- 1 km = 1000m
- 1 Angstromical unit (A.U.)= 1.496 * 10^11 m
- 1 light year(ly)= 9.46 *10^15 m = 9.46*10^12 km
- 1 parsec = 3.26 light years
- 1 angstrom = 10^-10 m = 10^-8 cm = 10^-1 nm1 micron = 10,000 angstrom1nm = 10 angstrom
- 1 fermi = 10^-15 m
- 1 gram = 10^-3 kg
- 1 mg = 10^-6 kg = 10^-3 g
- 1 quintal = 100 kg
- 1 metric tonne = 1000 kg = 10 quintal
- 1 min = 60 s
- 1 hour = 60 min1 hour = 3600 s
- 1 day = 24 hrs = 1440 min = 86400 s
- 1ms = 10^-3 s
- 1 macrosecond = 10^-6 s
- 1 shake = 10^-8 s
- 1 nanosecond = 10^-9 s
- 1 lunar month = 29.5 days12 lunar moths = 354.37 days
- 1 year = 365 days = 3.1536 10^7 s
- 1 leap year = 366 days
- 1 decade = 10 years
- 1 century = 100 years = 10 years = 3.16 * 10^9 s
- 1 millennium = 1000 years = 3.16*10^10 s
- The least count of an instrument is the smallest measurement that can be taken accurately with it
- L.C for vernier scale = value of one main scale division ➗ Total number of divisions on vernier
- Positive zero error for vernier scale : right of zero mark
- Negative zero mark for vernier scale : Left of zero mark
- Correct reading = observed reading - zero error (with sign)
- The pitch of a screw is the distance moved along its axis by the screw in one complete rotation of its head.
- The least count of a screw is the distance moved along the axis by it in rotating the circular scale by one division