Ecosystems

• -Ecology is the study of ecosystems.
• The biotic factor includes plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc.
• An ecosystem consists of all living organisms (biotic factors) within an area as well as nonliving components (abiotic factors).
• The abiotic factor includes air, water, soil, sunlight, temperature, pH, nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc.
• Biotic factors are living organisms that interact with one another within an ecosystem.
• Abiotic factors include temperature, water availability, light intensity, soil type, nutrient levels, air pollution, and other physical conditions that affect life.
• Biotic factors are the living things found in an ecosystem such as plants, animals, microbes, and humans.
• Both abiotic and biotic factors interact with one another to create balance or homeostasis in an ecosystem.
• Abiotic factors are not alive but can affect life.
• Abiotic factors are nonliving parts of the environment such as light, water, temperature, and soil.
• Examples of biotic factors include predators, prey, decomposers, parasites, competitors, mutualists, and symbionts.
• Examples of abiotic factors include climate, weather patterns, geological features, topography, altitude, and human activities such as agriculture, deforestation, mining, and urbanization.
• Ecosystem- the interaction of all the organisms and their environment.
• An ecosystem can be all shapes and sizes, from a small pond to a large rainforest.
• Estuary- A river mouth where freshwater meets the sea, and the water is brackish.
• Coastal Estuary- A body of water that connects to the sea and is protected from the sea by a barrier
• Fjord Estuary- A narrow passageway in between 2 cliffs
• Tectonic Estuary- Estuary formed by the collision of two tectonic plates.
• Barbuilt estuary- Estiary wherein the river meets the sea and is protected by a bar.
• An estuary is a productive ecosystem
• Alluvial Soil- Made of slit, sand, and clay
• Intertidal Zone- Where the presence of water depends on the tides. High tide- Covered with water Low Tide- exposed