psychodynamic explanations for gender development

Cards (24)

  • What are the stages of Freud's psychosexual development?
    1. Oral Stage (0-1 years)
    2. Anal Stage (1-3 years)
    3. Phallic Stage (3-6 years)
    4. Latency Stage (6-12 years)
    5. Genital Stage (12+ years)
  • What is the focus of pleasure during the oral stage?
    The mouth
  • What is formed during the anal stage?
    The ego
  • What occurs during the phallic stage?
    Gender identity develops through Oedipus/Electra complex
  • What happens during the latency stage?
    Early conflicts are repressed
  • What is a key aspect of the genital stage?
    Sexual desires become conscious
  • What does Freud believe about children before the phallic stage?
    They are gender neutral
  • How do children resolve the Oedipus/Electra complex according to Freud?
    By identifying with the same-sex parent
  • What are the criticisms of Freud's psychodynamic theory of gender development?
    • Androcentric and alpha biased
    • Lacks scientific rigor and is unfalsifiable
    • Does not explain non-nuclear family dynamics
    • Reductionist, ignoring biological factors
  • What does the term "internalisation" refer to in Freud's theory?
    Adopting the gender identity of the same-sex parent
  • What is a limitation of Freud's methods in studying gender development?
    They lack scientific rigor
  • How does Freud's theory view gender development?
    As psychically deterministic
  • What is a significant limitation of the psychodynamic explanation for gender development?
    It ignores biological factors
  • What does the inflexibility in gender development imply?
    Some children develop traditional roles despite non-stereotypical environments
  • What stage of development does Freud associate with gender development?
    The phallic stage
  • What is the Oedipus complex?
    Desire for the mother and jealousy of the father
  • How do boys resolve the Oedipus complex?
    By identifying with the father
  • What is the Electra complex?
    Attraction to the father and penis envy
  • How do girls resolve the Electra complex?
    By identifying with the mother
  • What is a criticism of Freud's theory regarding scientific validity?
    Based on untestable concepts
  • What gender bias exists in Freud's theory?
    Portrays female development as based on envy
  • What evidence contradicts Freud's claims about same-sex parents?
    Children from same-sex households develop typical identities
  • What do psychodynamic explanations suggest about parenting styles?
    They may contribute to a child's gender identity
  • What is a criticism of psychodynamic explanations regarding empirical support?
    They lack strong empirical evidence