Animal Reproduction

• Asexual Reproduction: single parent produces offspring identical to the parent
• Types of Asexual Reproduction in animals:

  • Budding
  • Fragmentation
  • Regeneration
• Budding: A small part of the parent cell splits off to form a new organism
• Fragmentation: When an organism splits when it reaches maturation and its splitted parts become new organisms
• Regeneration: a type of asexual reproduction in which the organism is capable of regrowing certain body parts of its body
• Types of sexual reproduction in animals:

  • Hermaphroditism
  • Hydras
• Sexual Reproduction: produces genetically varied offspring from the fertilization of an egg and sperm
• Hermaphroditism: self-fertilization, or an animal with both male and female reproductive parts.
• Hydras: animals that switch from asexual and sexual reproduction
• External Fertilization: Used by aquatic animals such as fishes, amphibians
• External fertilization: both male and female individuals release their gametes in the environment where fertilization also occurs
• Courtship: done to ensure the timing of release of gametes. an example is a clasping of a male frog on a female frog
• Internal Fertilization: more common on terrestrial organisms
• Internal fertilization: fusion of gametes occur inside the female body and the zygote is formed inside the female body
• Internal Fertilization: requires copulation or sexual intercourse