THEME A

• What is the crude birth rate?

  The number of live births per 1000 population
• What is the crude death rate?

  The number of deaths per 1000 population
• What does a population pyramid with a narrow base indicate?

  • Lower birth rate
  • More elderly dependents
  • Potential for population decline
• What age range is considered economically active?

  16-64 years old
• What age range is considered youth dependent?

  0-15 years old
• What is a social implication of a high age dependency ratio?

  Elderly people may need care homes
• What does a population pyramid with a broad base indicate?

  • High birth rate
  • More youth dependents
  • Potential for population growth
• What is an economic implication of a high age dependency ratio?

  Pension costs increase for the government
• How much does the government spend on pensions annually?

  £5.6 billion
• What is a social issue faced by elderly people in Greece?

  Many feel isolated and depressed
• What health issue do elderly people in Greece often develop?

  Diseases like dementia
• What are the implications of high youth dependency in LEDCs?

  • Increased need for food and healthcare
  • Strain on social services
  • Higher rates of malnutrition and infant mortality
• What is a challenge for governments in LEDCs regarding education?

  Children often leave school unqualified
• What is a consequence of youth needing healthcare in LEDCs?

  More money spent on training doctors
• What is migration?

  • Movement of people from one place to another
  • Can be permanent or semi-permanent
• What is immigration?

  Movement into a country
• What is emigration?

  Movement out of a country
• What are push factors in migration?

  • Reasons why people leave a place
  • Examples: crime, famine, unemployment
• What are pull factors in migration?

  • Reasons why people move to a place
  • Examples: jobs, family, climate
• What are barriers to migration?

  Factors that discourage movement between places
• What is an economic migrant?

  Someone who moves for better employment
• What is an asylum seeker?

  Someone awaiting protection approval
• What is a refugee?

  Someone fleeing due to persecution
• What rights do refugees have?

  They have full rights once approved