Practical

• What is filtration used for?

  To separate solids from liquids
• What is a Buchner funnel used for?

  For filtration processes
• What is a vacuum used for in filtration?

  To help separate liquid and solid components
• How does a vacuum assist in filtration?

  It reduces pressure to pull liquids through
• What happens to the solid after filtration?

  It is left in the Buchner funnel
• What can be done to purify the solid after filtration?

  It can be recrystallized
• What is reflux in chemistry?

  A technique to heat volatile liquids
• What is the purpose of the Liebig condenser in reflux?

  To condense vapors back into liquid
• How does the cold water running through the Liebig condenser function?

  It cools the vapor to liquid form
• What happens to the vapor during reflux?

  It turns back into liquid and returns
• What is the effect of heating substances in a water bath?

  It provides gentle and even heating
• Why is using a water bath safer than an open flame?

  It reduces the risk of fire hazards
• What is a mantle heater used for?

  For heating substances safely
• Why is a mantle heater considered safer?

  It minimizes open flame exposure
• What is the advantage of using a mantle heater over an open flame?

  It provides controlled heating
• What is the main benefit of using a water bath for heating?

  It ensures uniform temperature distribution
• How does the use of a water bath compare to direct heating?

  Water baths provide gentler heating
• What is the purpose of using a condenser in reflux?

  To prevent loss of volatile substances
• How does reflux help in chemical reactions?

  It allows continuous heating without loss
• What happens to the vapor when it cools in the condenser?

  It condenses back into liquid form
• What is the role of the cold water in the Liebig condenser?

  To cool and condense vapor
• Why is it important to control the temperature during reflux?

  To prevent decomposition of reactants
• How does the design of a mantle heater enhance safety?

  It eliminates open flames during heating
• What is the main function of a vacuum in filtration?

  To pull liquid through the filter
• How does the vacuum affect the filtration process?

  It speeds up the separation of components
• What is the outcome of using a vacuum during filtration?

  Faster separation of solids and liquids
• What happens to volatile compounds during reflux?

  They are condensed and returned to the flask
• Why is it important to maintain a vacuum during filtration?

  To ensure efficient liquid removal
• How does the use of a vacuum enhance the filtration process?

  It allows for quicker liquid passage
• What is the purpose of recrystallization?

  To purify solid compounds
• How does recrystallization improve purity?

  By removing impurities from the solid
• What is the significance of using a Buchner funnel in filtration?

  It allows for efficient solid-liquid separation
• What is the main advantage of using a vacuum during filtration?

  It speeds up the filtration process
• Why is it important to use a condenser during reflux?

  To prevent loss of volatile substances
• How does the use of a water bath compare to direct heating?

  Water baths provide gentler heating
• What is the role of the cold water in the Liebig condenser?

  To cool and condense vapor
• Why is it important to control the temperature during reflux?

  To prevent decomposition of reactants
• How does the design of a mantle heater enhance safety?

  It eliminates open flames during heating
• What is the main function of a vacuum in filtration?

  To pull liquid through the filter
• How does the vacuum affect the filtration process?

  It speeds up the separation of components