FUNDA 1

• • Studies the structure of the cell and the component parts
  • It is the detailed study of man
  • Views man as an organism composed of different systems, each system composed of organs and each organ made up of tissue cell

  Atomostic Approach
• provides a fundamental framework on which one can base his perception or observation of the total behavior of man in relation to society

  The Holistic Approach
• Views man as a whole organism with **** and **** parts functioning to produce behavior unacceptable to him or to society

  interrelated, interdependent
• • Man is a living organism who from birth is destined to die.

  Man as a Biological Being
• cells, organs, and systems are found within the individual, they comprise the?

  subordinate system
• The family, community and society consists of bigger units of man called

  superordinate system
• Man normally responds as a unified whole.

  First belief of Organismic Behavior
• Man as a whole is different from and more than the sum of his component parts.

  Second belief of Organismic Behavior
• Refers to those observable features and actions that reflect man's functioning as a unified whole within the environment in which he exists

  Organismic Behavior
• Man is an open system. He is composed of subsystems which act as a unified

  whole

  Man as a System
• Man is "a unique irreplaceable individual, a one-time

  being in this world.

  Man as a Psycho-Social Being
• Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the (Latin: "wise man" or "knowing man"). Humans have a highly developed brain capable of

  abstract reasoning, language, and introspection.

  Man as a BIOLOGICAL BEING
• controls different mechanisms like secretions of hormones, motivation and moods and

  other activities within the body.

  Hypothalamus
• The human brain perceives the external world through the senses, and each individual human is influenced greatly by his or her experiences, leading to a subjective view of existence and the passage of time.


  Man as a PSYCHOLOGICAL BEING
• Humans are variously said to possess consciousness, self-awareness and a mind, which correspond roughly to the mental processes of thoughts.

  Man as a PSYCHOLOGICAL BEING
• Humans are social by nature; however, humans are particularly adept at utilizing systems of communication for self-expression, the exchange of ideas and organization.

  Man as a SOCIAL BEING
•  A state of being well and using every power the

  individual possesses to the fullest extent.

  Florence Nightingale
• A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. 

  WHO, 1948
• Health is the ability to maintain normal roles


  Talcott Parsons, 1951
• Health is not a condition. It is an adjustment. It is not a

  state but a process. That process adapts the individual not only to physical but also our social environment


  President’s Commission, 1953
• A dynamic state of being in which the developmental and behavioral potential of an individual is realized to the fullest extent possible.

  ANA, 1980
• a state of well-being

  WELLNESS
• 7 components of wellness

  physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, occupational, environmental
• Is a subjective perception of vitality and feeling well. Can be described objectively, experienced and measured ... and can be plotted on a continuum.

  Well-Being
• Health is the absence of disease or injury. Health is considered the state of not being sick. In this model, the opposite of health is disease or injury.


  CLINICAL MODEL
• Health is defined in terms of an individual's ability to

  fulfill societal roles, that is, to perform work.  With this model, people who can fulfill their roles are healthy even if they appear clinically ill.

  ROLE PERFORMANCE MODEL
• is the inability to perform one's work. (role performance mode)

  Sickness
• Its focus is adaptation. Health is a creative process; disease is a failure in adaptation or mal-adaptation. The aim of treatment is to restore the ability of the

  person to adapt, to cope. In this model, extreme good health is flexible adaptation to the environment and interaction with the environment to maximum advantage.


  ADAPTIVE MODEL
• The focus of Adaptive Model is?


  stability
• Adaptive Mode is by? 


  Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing
• Health is seen as a condition of actualization or

  realization of a person's potential. Actualization is the apex of the fully developed personality, 

  EUDEMONISTIC MODEL
• Also called the ECOLOGIC model. The model is used primarily in predicting illness rather

  than in promoting wellness. But identification of risk factors that result from the interactions of agent, host and environment are helpful in promoting and maintaining health.

  AGENT-HOST-ENVIRONMENT MODEL
• any environmental factor or stressor that by its presence or absence can lead to illness or disease.

  AGENT
• Person(s) who may or may not be at risk of acquiring a disease. Family history, age, lifestyle habits influence the host's reaction.

  HOST
• all factors external to the host that may or may not predispose the

  ENVIRONMENT
• Can be used to measure a person's perceived level of

  wellness. Health and illness/disease can be viewed as the opposite ends of the health continuum. From a high level of health a person's condition can

  move through good health, normal health, poor health, and extremely poor health.

  HEALTH-ILLNESS CONTINUA
• Describes a health grid in which a health axis and an environmental axis intersect. It demonstrates the interaction of the environment with the illness-wellness continuum.

  DUNN’S HIGH LEVEL WELLNESS GRID
• Ranges from high-level wellness to premature death. Illustrates two arrows pointing in opposite directionsand joined at a neutral point

  TRAVIS’ ILLNESS-WELLNESS CONTINUUM
• Movement to the right indicates?

  awaraness, education, growth
• Movement to the left indicates?

  disability, symptoms, signs