PHILOSOPHERS & INVENTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO STS

• Claudius Ptolemy (85 – 165 A.D.) - Greco-Roman astronomer who proposed the geocentric model with Earth at the center of the universe
• Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882) - English biologist known for his theory of human evolution and natural selection
• Sigmund Freud (1856 - 1939) - Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis, developed the theory of the unconscious and the psychic structure of id, ego, and super-ego
• Thomas Edison (1847 - 1931) - American inventor famous for inventing the light bulb and various devices in electric power generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion pictures
• Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955) - German physicist who developed the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics, known for the mass-energy equivalence formula E=mc^2
• Johannes Gutenberg (1400 - 1468) - German goldsmith who invented the movable-type printing press, revolutionizing printing and expanding literacy and learning opportunities
• Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543) - Polish scientist who introduced the heliocentric model of the solar system with the Sun at the center
• Isaac Newton (1642 - 1727) - English physicist who formulated the three laws of motion and the law of gravitation
• Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) - Italian physicist who discovered the relationships between distance, velocity, and acceleration, and the law of inertia using the scientific method
• Aristotle (384 - 322 B.C.) - Greek philosopher who laid the foundation for symbolic logic and scientific thinking in Western philosophy
• Gregor Mendel (1822 - 1884) - Botanist known for laying the mathematical foundation of genetics, known as Mendelism
• Marie Curie (1867 - 1934) - Polish-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity
• Fe Del Mundo (1911 - 2011) - Credited with studies leading to the invention of an improved incubator and a device for treating jaundice, with pioneering work in pediatrics
• Clare R. Baltazar (born 1927) - Author of "Philippine Insects: An Introduction," the first authoritative textbook on insects in the Philippines
• Filomena Campos - Known for her work on cotton in the Philippines
• Luz Oliveros-Belardo - Chemist and researcher who studied essential oils from Philippine plants
• Eduardo A. Quisumbing - Studied Philippine medicinal plants and orchids
• Bienvenido O. Juliano - Studied the characteristics of grains and proteins affecting rice quality
• Melecio S. Magno - Physicist who conducted studies on rare earth crystals, typhoon effects on atmospheric ozone, sky luminosity, and atmospheric radiation
• Emil Q. Javier - Known for practical solutions to agricultural problems
• Alfredo C. Santos - Researched the chemistry of natural products and medicinal properties of Philippine plants
• Gregorio T. Velasquez - Known for work in phycology
• Gregorio Y. Zara (1902 - 1978) - Filipino inventor noted for contributions in engineering, inventor of the first two-way videophone
• Julian Banzon (1908 - 1988) - Pioneer in renewable energy, specialized in chemistry and known for extracting coconut oil and producing alternative fuels