biology paper 1

• symptoms of measles

  fever, rash, cough, red eyes
• measles is spread by...

  cough or sneeze
• symptoms of TMV

  mosaic pattern of brown spots on surface of leaves, stunt growth etc
• gonorrhoea symptoms...

  thick yellow/green discharge from vagina/penis, pain when urinating
• gonorrhoea is caused by what pathogen?

  bacteria.
• pathogen


  disease-causing micro-organism
• communicable disease


  a disease which can be passed to other people, caused by a pathogen
• non-communicable disease


  cannot be transmitted from one another
• equation for percentage increase

  change÷original number × 100
• Rose black spot is caused by...

  fungus
• conditions needed for rose black spot to grow are...

  warm wet conditions
• symptoms of rose black spot

  the fungus produces black or purple spots on the upper surface of the leaves
• transmission of rose black spot

  the fungus produces spores which then germinate and symptoms appear 3-10 days afterwards
• treatments for rose black spot

  fungucides, removing infected leaves from the soil and burning them
• symptoms of malaria

  fever, sweats and chills, muscle pain, headache, diarrhoea, cough