1.2 kingdoms of life

• Animals:

  • Multicellular organisms
  • Heterotrophs
  • Reproduce sexually
  • Estimated 5-10 million different species on Earth
• Plants:

  • Multicellular organisms
  • Autotrophs
  • Obtain energy from the sun through photosynthesis
  • Around 300,000 species
• Fungi:

  • Can be multicellular or unicellular
  • Heterotrophs
  • Obtain energy from other organisms
  • Feed using saprotrophic nutrition
  • Some fungi are pathogens
  • Multi-solar fungi have a mycelium made up of hyphae
• Protists:

  • Unicellular organisms
  • Some have chloroplasts for photosynthesis
  • Some are pathogens
  • Example: Plasmodium causes malaria
• Bacteria:

  • Single-celled organisms
  • Live everywhere
  • Most feed off other organisms
  • More species of bacteria than all other kingdoms combined
  • Some bacteria can cause disease
  • Example: Salmonella causes food poisoning
• Viruses:

  • Super tiny particles
  • Not living organisms
  • Reproduce inside living cells
  • Depend on other organisms to grow and reproduce
  • Considered pathogens as they cause harm
  • Examples: Influenza virus, tobacco mosaic virus, HIV, COVID-19