acid/base imbalances

• ABG interpretation: use "rule of the Bs": if the ___ and the ___ are both in the same direction, then it is ___

  ph, bicarb, metabolic
• what is the normal ph?

  7.35-7.45
• what is the normal bicarb?

  22-26
• never choose compensated if ___is abnormal

  ph
• rule of s/s of acid base imbalance: as the ___ goes, so goes my ___ EXCEPT for ___

  ph, patient, potassium
• what are symptoms of alkalosis? - (pH is up/potassium is down)

  borborygmi, elevated BP/HTN, tachycardia, irritability, diarrhea, seizure/spasm, hyperreflexia (+3/4), and hypokalemia
• what are symptoms of acidosis? (pH is down/potassium is up)?

  paralytic ileus, bradycardia, hypotension, bradypnea, depressed ST waves, constipation, lethargy (obtunded), constipation, and hyperkalemia
• what is the main nursing intervention for alkalosis?

  suction for seizures (risk of aspiration)
• what is the main nursing intervention for acidosis?

  ambu bag/intubation for respiratory arrest
• what is type of acid base imbalance is Kussmaul? 


  metabolic acidosis
• what type of acid base imbalance is diarrhea?

  metabolic acidosis
• what is the default answer if you don't know what to pick for a question that asks the acid/base imbalance?

  metabolic acidosis
• if the cause of acid/base imbalance is r/t lung, it is:

  respiratory acidosis/alkalosis
• if the cause of acid/base imbalance is r/t gastric vomiting, it is:

  metabolic alkalosis