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6.3 Transcription and RNA Processing
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Nana Hemans
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Cards (8)
Genetic information flows from
DNA
to
RNA
to
protein
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RNA molecules
are used to facilitate protein synthesis using DNA information
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Ribosomes contain
RNA
and assemble
proteins
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Transcription
is the process in which RNA polymerase directs the formation of an mRNA molecule
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DNA strands become separated during
transcription
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One DNA strand serves as a
template
(non-coding strand, minus strand, or antisense strand) while the other is the
non-template
(coding) strand
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RNA polymerase synthesizes mRNA in the
5'
to
3'
direction by reading the DNA in the
3'
to
5'
direction
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Three types of RNA molecules:
Messenger
RNA (mRNA): carries genetic information from DNA to
ribosomes
for protein synthesis
Transfer
RNA (tRNA): carries specific amino acids and has an
anticodon
for base pairing with mRNA codons
Ribosomal
RNA (rRNA): functional unit of ribosomes responsible for
protein
assembly
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