DRRM

• HAZARD: a dangerous phenomenon or condition that may cause danger or loss of life, damage to property, loss of livelihood or services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage
• RISK: hazard + vulnerability
• VULNERABILITY: characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or assets that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard
• RESILIENCY: capacity of a system, community, or society potentially exposed to hazard to adapt, by resisting or changing in order to reach and maintain a level of functioning and structure
• DISASTER: a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or society that involves intensive human, economic, and environmental losses and impacts
• EXPOSURE: being exposed or at risk of experiencing hazard events of different magnitudes
• CAPACITY: a combination of all strengths and resources available within a community, society, or organization that can be used to reduce the level of risk or effects of a disaster
• DISASTER RESPONSE AND EARLY RECOVERY: provision of emergency services and public assistance during immediately after a disaster to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety, and meet the basic subsistence needs of the affected people and communities
• DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY: restoration and improvement of facilities, livelihood, and living conditions of disaster-affected communities, including efforts to reduce disaster risk factors in line with the principles of "Build Back Better"
• Philippines ranked 8th on the list of countries most likely to be hit by disaster
• Due to geographic location, at least 60% of the land is exposed to hazards, and 74% of the population is at risk
• Geomorphology is the study of the earth's physical land surface features and the processes that created them
• Geomorphic system: dynamic - mechanical properties energy expenditure and causing the doing of work
• Geomorphic forms: Constitution, Configuration, and Mass Flow
• Applied geomorphology: studies human impacts on landscapes
• Isolated: completely cutoff from its surroundings and cannot therefore import or export matter or energy (Example: Universe)
• Open: has boundaries through which energy and materials may move (Example: human body, Engine)
• Closed: has boundaries open to the passage of energy but not of matter (Sun, Earth)
• Dissipative: irreversible process resulting in the dissipation of energy which governs them. They exchange energy and matter with their surroundings (Tornado, living organisms, turbulent flow)
• Internal: variables lying inside the system such as soil wetness, streamflow, etc.
• External: variables originating from outside the systems such as precipitation, solar radiation, tectonic uplift, etc.
• Endogenic (Tectonic and volcanic create land)
• Exogenic (Driven by climatic forces are the driver of erosion and weathering which alters landforms)
• Water cycle: circulation of meteoric water through the hydrosphere, atmosphere, and upper parts of the crust
• Rock cycle: repeated creation and destruction of crustal materials - rocks and minerals
• Igneous: forms from solidification of magma
• Biogeochemical cycle: circulation of chemical elements (carbon, oxygen, sodium, etc.) in the upper mantle, crust, and ecosphere
• Sedimentary: layered accumulation of mineral particles derived mostly from weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks
• Metamorphic: forms from physical and chemical changes in igneous and sedimentary rocks
• Denudation of rocks is affected by particle size, hardness, porosity, permeability, degree to which it is cemented, and mineralogy
• Igneous and Metamorphic rocks are generally resistant to weathering and erosion
• Sedimentary rocks vary greatly in their ability to resist weathering and erosion
• Weathering: decay of rocks by biological, chemical, and mechanical agents with little or no transport
• Erosion: sum of all destructive processes by which weathering products are picked up and carried by transporting media (ice, water, and wind)
• Mass wasting: sum of all processes that lower the ground surface
• Mass movements: bulk transfer of bodies of rock debris downslope under the influence of gravity
• Denudation: conjoint action of weathering and erosion which simultaneously wear away the land surface
• Transport: movement of materials such as Erosion, Mass wasting, and Mass movements
• Deposition: laying down of sediments by chemical, physical, and biological means
• Geomorphic forces which fuel transport are Gravitational, Fluid, Water Pressure, Expansion, Global fluid movement, and Biological forces