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Clinical Bacteriology
Laboratory Exam Prelim
Bacterial Smear and Preparation
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type of slide needed for bacterial smear and staining
frosted
how to sterilize the frosted slide
tissue
and pass through
heat
your culture is always placed ...
upside down
why culture is placed upside down?
to avoid
moisture
that will grow more
bacteria
after getting your colony, what solvent will you mix it with?
1
drop of
NSS
solvent
ideal size of the smear
1 inch
by 1 and a
half inch
or
thumb
size
what will you do before and after opening your culture?
heat
after air drying what will you do?
heat fix
in broth, how will you remove the cap?
using
dominant
hands
pinky finger
to know if the broth has bacteria, it must be
turbid
no floating substances or solid substances that can be seen in the solution/ smear
homogenous
concentration is
uniform
Good smear is for:
Morphology
Arrangement
Constituents
(cell components)
one
cocci
coccus
two cocci
diplococci
4 cube cocci
tetrads
8
cocci (rubics cube)
sarcina
10
grape like
staphylococcus
chain lime cocci
streptococci
cocci commonly found in neisseria spp.
diplococci
cocci commonly found in micrococci
tetrads
cocci commonly found is micrococcus lukeus
sarcina
commonly found in staphylococcus sp.
clusters
/
staphylococci
commonly found in streptococcus
chain
/
streptococci
combination of cocci and bacilli
coccobacillus
one
bacilli
bacillus
two side by side bacilli
diplobacilli
chain bacilli
streptobacilli
bacilli in fence like structure
Palisades
primary stain in gram staining
violet
for
1
minute
essential in gram staining process because it holds down molecules of a staining onto microorganism
mordant
-
grams iodine
-
1 minute
used to hasten the process of holding down the stain of the cell components onto a microorganism (not essential)
accentuator
acetone alcohol
or
ethanol alcohol
decolorizer
used to stain the gram negative components of the components of the specimen
Counterstain
/
Secondary
stain -
Safranin
-
1
minute
GS - Gram (+)
violet
GS- Gram (-)
pink
also called as hot method in acid fast staining
ziehl neelsen
method
AFS bacteria are gram
positive
because of its
thick peptidoglycan
primary
stain
carbol fuchsin
Mordant of AFS
heat
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