MAPEH QUAR

• Classical - pertains to the years between 1750 and 1827 (Enlightenment Period)
• Classical music - shifted from polyphonic forms and Catholic church influence to instrumental works
• Styles that were common in the period: Empfindsamer Stil, Rococo style, galant, Sturm und Drang
• Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach - known for pieces such as Solfeggietto in C minor
• Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach - son of the greatest Johann Sebastian Bach
• Johann Joachim Quantz - professional flutists in Europe
• Baldassare Galuppi - Italian musician, spent many years in England and Russia, to improve court orchestra
• Baldassare Galuppi - served as a maestro di capella of Venetian leader at St. Mark's Chapel
• Baroque music - orderly, efficient, complex
• Classical Music - focus on simplifying things but making them bigger and clearer
• Classical Music - sound of gentle order slowly being taken over by emotion
• Vienna - capital of Austria, musical center of Europe
• Classical music - characterized by homophony and light texture
• Public concert - most important development of Classical Period
• Basso continuo - Baroque music used this which is characterized by frequent harmonic changes, on every beat
• Classical Period - time of formality
• Objectivity - one of the considerations in music-making during Classical Period
• Crescendo and decrescendo emerged to accomplish the dynamics within movements of composition
• Texture - less complicated than of Baroque, more homophonic
• Sonata form - most important design of Classical Music
• Orchestra - increased in size and range
• Harpsichord - fell out of use and became unpopular
• Melody - short and clear defined musical phrases
• Rhythm - defined precisely and regularly
• Texture - mostly homophonic
• Timbre - symphony orchestra arranged in four sections
• Chamber music - trios, quartets, quintets
• Secular - opera and song
• Choral - sacred mass and oratorio
• Dynamics - greater range, use of crescendos and decrescendos
• Form - Sonata, rondo, fugue, minuet, trio
• Opera - experienced changes in the aspects: use of melodic recitatives, frequent use of vocal ensembles -- Hugh Miller
• Text - usage of this is the only trait that distinguished religious music
• Sonata - believed to have originated from composer named Graziani in 17th century
• Cantata - piece of music to be sung
• Sonata - piece of music to be sounded or played
• Concerto - composition for one or more solo instruments with orchestral accompaniment
• Symphony - derived from sinfonia, performed in four movements
• Viennese Classic Period - centered in Vienna Austria; had simpler harmony and clearer tonality
• Franz Joseph Haydn - his works served as a model for composers