Proofed 9

• Assessment for Learning (Formative Assessment) It is ongoing assessment that allows teachers to monitor students on a day-to-day basis and modify their teaching based on what the students need to be successful.
• Assessment of Learning (Summative Assessment)  It is the snapshot in time that lets the teacher, students and their parents know how well each student has completed the learning tasks and activities.
• Assessment as Learning  It develops and supports students' metacognitive skills. This form of assessment is crucial in helping students become lifelong learners.
• Measurement can be defined as the process of assigning numbers to events based on an established set of rules.
• Educational measurement refers to the use of educational assessments and the analysis of data such as scores obtained from educational assessments to infer the abilities and proficiencies of students.
• Edward Lee Thorndike, (born August 31, 1874, Williamsburg, Massachusetts, U.S.—died August 9, 1949, Montrose, New York) was an American psychologist
• Law of Readiness- states that learning can only take place when a student is ready to learn. When students feel ready, they learn more effectively and with greater satisfaction than when not ready
• Law of Exercise- The more a person practices something, the better he or she is able to retain that knowledge. Remember back in grade school when the teacher would have you write spelling words three times each and then use them in a sentence? Your teacher was practicing this law.
• Law of Primacy- Think back to the time when it was proven that the Earth was round and not flat. The concept was nearly impossible for the majority of those alive to accept. This is because once a person learns something, it is almost impossible to tell them that it is actually different.
• Law of Recency- This law reminds us that we remember the most recent (last) material covered. For this reason, you should make a point of including chapter or unit reviews and building on previous knowledge. This gives your students the chance to return to earlier material that may have gotten pushed aside by information near the end of the unit.
• Law of Intensity- The more excitement your eLearning course creates, the more likely it will be remembered. Creating a hands-on experience, or one that causes the student to feel strong emotion will make the lesson more easily remembered.
• It measures student’s achievement. Students’ achievement can be determined whether he has reached the goals of the learning tasks or not through measurement and evaluation.
• It evaluates instruction. The effectiveness or ineffectiveness of instruction is ascertained through measurement and evaluation
• It motivates learning. Upon knowing the results of the achievement test, the student’s interest is aroused especially if he gets a high score; otherwise, if his score is low, he strives hard to get higher score in the next examinations.
• It predicts success. Success and failure of the student is predicted through measurement and evaluation. For instance, a student who always gets high scores in all his subjects may mean that he is sure to pass and passing means success.
• It diagnosis the nature of difficulties. The weaknesses of the learner can be identified through measurement and evaluation particularly, diagnostic test.
• VALIDITY The most important characteristics of any good test are validity. Moreover, it refers to the amount to which the test serves its purpose. Or in other words, is describes the efficiency at which it measures the performance what it aims to measure.
• RELIABILITY The meaning of reliability is accuracy and consistency. Also, it refers to the extent to which a test is consistent, stable and dependent. In other words, the test approves what it represents
• USABILITY It refers to the extent to which the test can be used without much expenditure of money effort and time. Most noteworthy, it means practicability. Besides, there are certain factors that determine the usability that we have mentioned below.
• ADMINISTRABILITY It means that a test can be administered with clarity, ease, and uniformity. Also, the direction is simple, concise, and clear. Besides, it specifies a time limit, sample questions, and oral instructions. The provision for the test material is definite.
• SCOREABILITY It concerns the score of the test. Also, a good test is easy to score. Scoring direction, scoring key is simple, and an answer is available. Most noteworthy the test score is useful for evaluation of students.
• LEVEL 1 – REACTION Reaction evaluation is the measurement of how the delegates felt about the training or learning experience.
• LEVEL 2 – LEARNING Learning evaluation is the measurement of the increase in knowledge, skills and abilities of the learners
• LEVEL 3 – BEHAVIOUR Behavior evaluation is the measurement of the capability of the learners to change their behavior and apply new skills and knowledge.
• LEVEL 4 – RESULTS Result evaluation is the measurement of the impact of the training on the business.