STAS - STANB

• precolonial: Before the Spaniards came to the Philippines, the natives already had practices linked to science and technology
• Filipinos engaged in activities like farming, weaving, shipbuilding, and mining
• Banaue Rice Terraces were built with minimal equipment, largely by hand, and are fed by an ancient irrigation system from the rainforests above terraces
• The natives had an alphabet called alibata and a writing system called baybayin, primarily used by certain inhabitants of Luzon and Visayas
• Laguna Copperplate Inscription is the earliest known calendar-dated document found in the Philippines, inscribed on a copper plate
• Astronomy was practiced by fixing precise days within the month in relation to the phases of the moon
• There was a standard system of weights and measures for shipbuilding
• Philippine shamans or babaylans were the first healers within tribal communities, using medicinal or herbal plants to treat ailments
• When the Spaniards colonized the Philippines, they introduced formal education and founded scientific institutions
• Parish schools were established by the Spaniards in the Philippines, where subjects like religion, arithmetic, writing, reading, and music were taught
• University of Santo Tomas was founded by the Spanish Archbishop of Manila as a seminary
• The Spanish contributed to engineering in the Philippines by constructing roads, churches, bridges, walls, forts, and other infrastructures
• In the field of Medicine, the Spanish government and Religious Franciscan and Dominican missionaries established hospitals in the Philippines and were involved in the surveying of herbal medicines
• During the American period, an extensive public education system was introduced in the Philippines
• The Philippine Commission established the Bureau of Government Laboratories for the study of tropical diseases and laboratory projects
• The Bureau of Science replaced the Bureau of Government Laboratories and became the primary research center of the Philippines
• President Ferdinand Marcos strengthened the development of science and technology in the Philippines
• • International Rice Research Institute
  • Bureau of Plant Industry
  • Bureau of Forest Products
• Established agencies, institutions, and projects including:

  • National Grains Authority for the development of rice and corn industry
  • Philippine Council for Agricultural Research for the development of agriculture, fisheries, and forestry
  • Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) to ensure the safety of the people
  • Philippine National Oil Company to promote industrial and economic development
  • National Academy of Science and Technology composed of scientists with innovative achievements in basic and applied sciences
  • Plant breeding Institute
• President Marcos established the Philippine Science High School in Mindanao and Visayas to encourage careers in science and technology
• CORAZON AQUINO PRESIDENCY

  ➔ Department of Science and Technology formerly known as National Science and technology Authority was given a representation in the cabinet.

  ➔ President Aquino encouraged scientists to bring the Philippines to its former position as second to only Japan in the field of science and technology.

  ➔ The Science and Technology Master Plan was formulated which aimed at the modernization of the production sector, upgrading research activities and development of infrastructure for science and technological purposes.
• FIDEL RAMOS PRESIDENCY

  ➔ During his term, there was a significant increase in personnel specializing in the science and technology field.

  ➔ Health care services were promoted through local programs such as “Doctors to the Barrio Program”.

  ➔ Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel was established. He believes that science and technology was one of the means wherein the Philippines could attain the status of new industrialized country.
• JOSEPH ESTRADA PRESIDENCY

  ➔ President Estrada signed the Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999, designed to protect and preserve the environment and Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 which outlaws computer hacking.
• GLORIA MACAPAGAL ARROYO PRESIDENCY

  ➔ Several laws and projects that concerns both the environment and science to push technology as a tool to increase the country’s economic level.

  ➔ The term “Filipinnovation” was the term used in helping the Philippines to be an innovation hub in Asia.

  ➔ Philippine Science High School focuses in science, technology and mathematics in their curriculum.

  ➔ President Arroyo passed the Biofuels act” that promotes the development and usage of biofuels throughout the country Arroyo’s administration improves the Agriculture and Fisheries sector through Mechanization.
• Ramon C. Barba – a Filipino inventor and horticulturist, best known for inventing a way to induce more flowers in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate.
• Edgardo Gomez – a Filipino biologist who led the world’s first national-scale assessment of damage to coral reefs. He also pioneered giant clam breeding and other protective areas for coastal communities of the Philippines.
• 3. Gavino C. Trono – “The father of Kappaphycus farming”, a Filipino biologist who focus on marine phycology particularly seaweed biodiversity .
• 4. Angel Alcala – a Filipino biologist who promote biodiversity in the aquatic ecosystems of the Philippines.
• 5. Fe Del Mundo – Filipina pediatrician, the founder of the first pediatric hospital in the Philippines.
• 6. Eduardo Quisumbing – a Filipino biologist, a leading authority of plants in the Philippines. He is the author of taxonomic and morphological papers, many of which deal with orchids including Medicinal Plants in the Philippines.
• 7. Emil Q Javier – Filipino plant geneticist and agronomist who contributed in Agriculture.
• 8. Germiniano T. de Ocampo – Filipino ophthalmologist known to some as the Father of Modern Philippine ophthalmology. He was the founder of the Philippine Eye Bank.