Binary

• 1-there is electricity flowing
• 0- electricity is not flowing
• Computers are constructed from electrical circuits through which electricity flows- there are 2 states
• The smallest unit of data that a computer can process is called a bit.
• A bit can be either on or off, represented by the digits 0 and 1.
• Always count from right to left
• each time a value will double, so binary will be like - 32,16,8,4,2,1
• There is only one way a number can be formed for each of the binary values, so 19 would be 16,2,1 and the binary value would be 010011
• in hexadecimal, 1-9 are normal and 10- 15 are illegal. 16+ does not exist
• 10=a, 11=b
• 12=c,13=d, 14=e
• 15=f and 16 doesnt exist
• Hexadecimal is base 16
• hexadecimal goes 0123456789abcdef
• Hexedecimal was created for programmers/ humans as it is easier to read/write/remember
• Count in fours from one end of the code to work out hexedecimal
• in denary, 111111=31
• in denary-, 101111=47
• 22 in binary is 10110
• 18 in binary is 10010
• https://www.canva.com/design/DAF5TyIXDR8/BBbNeL7QAXq1I-fnxv4G9Q/edit?utm_content=DAF5TyIXDR8&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link2&utm_source=sharebutton this is a poster
• Control technology is used to:

  • operate systems
  • control actions
  • create video games
  • control manufacturing devices,
• Computers follow instructions or sequences programmed into them. The better the programming, the better the robot. A flowchart can be used to help design a sequence. Actions can be ordered, reordered or removed if no longer necessary.
• There are many items within our homes that use control systems. These include:

  • electric kettles
  • washing machines
  • TV remotes
  • Dishwashers
  • robotic vacuum cleaners
• examples of Controlled tech

  Media streaming

  Chatbots

  Smart assistants

  E-Payments

  Search algorithms

  Social media feeds

  Smart cars

  Navigation apps

  Facial recognition

  Text editors
• Advantages of computer control systems

  • Computers do not need breaks.
  • Computers can repeat actions in an identical way indefinitely.
  • Computers can work in environments that are dangerous for people.
• problems with controlled tech

  • A computer is only as good as its programming ,which may contain errors.
  • If a computer is underpowered it might take too long to do something in a time-critical situation.
  • A computer faced with conditions not covered in its programming will not know what to do.
• Here are some of the ways AI is being applied in the transportation sector345:

  Automated vehicles

  Route optimization

  Predictive maintenance

  Autonomous ships

  Smart traffic management systems
• Control technology is used in manufacturing to automate, optimize and monitor various processes and systems. For example, numerical control is used to operate tools such as drills and lathes by means of a computer. Internet of Things is used to collect and analyse data from sensors and devices to improve production efficiency, quality and safety
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a form of wireless communication that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal or person. It uses radio frequency to search ,identify, track and communicate with items and people.
• Bit stands for binary digit
• 11101 in denary is 29
• All data that we want a computer to process needs to be converted into this binary format
• Digital images are made up of pixels
• each pixels in an image is made up of binary numbers
• To create a picture a grid is set out and the pixels assigned to a binary code but before that the size of the grid needs to be known.