table

• What is a method of asexual reproduction in plants?

  Vegetative propagation
• What is vegetative propagation used for in horticulture?

  • Produces genetically identical plants
  • Ensures same flower/growth behavior
  • Common methods: cuttings, budding, grafting
• Why is grafting used in plant propagation?

  To combine disease resistance with favorable yield
• What is tissue culture in plant propagation?

  Growing plants on nutrient agar with auxin
• What is a benefit of tissue culture?

  Allows production of hard-to-propagate plants
• What is a characteristic of plants produced by tissue culture?

  All genetically identical
• What is artificial pollination?

  Manipulating which male pollen fertilizes female ovules
• How does artificial pollination affect genetic diversity?

  It can increase genetic diversity through cross-pollination
• What is a benefit of artificial pollination in agriculture?

  Increases fruit size and seed numbers
• What is the role of auxin in vegetative propagation?

  Promotes root growth in cuttings
• How is auxin applied in cuttings?

  As a gel or powder at the cutting's end
• What is polyploidy in plants?

  Having more than a single pair of chromosomes
• How do plant breeders induce polyploidy?

  Using mitotic inhibitors like colchicine
• What is a potential benefit of polyploid plants?

  Increased vigor and favorable phenotypic changes
• What is the risk associated with using mitotic inhibitors?

  Harm if inhaled or ingested by humans
• What is the oestrus cycle?

  The period from one heat to the next
• What is oestrus synchronisation?

  Timing ovulation in female livestock
• How does progesterone affect oestrus synchronisation?

  Prevents cycling and induces ovulation
• What is a benefit of synchronising ovulation in livestock?

  Increases yields and reduces labor costs
• How can semen be preserved for future use?

  Frozen in liquid nitrogen
• What is artificial insemination (AI)?

  Placing semen in the vagina of a female
• What is a benefit of using AI in breeding?

  Access to superior genetic material
• What is superovulation?

  Inducing a female to release multiple eggs
• What is the purpose of flushing embryos?

  To collect embryos for transfer
• What is the risk of using only a few superior dams in breeding?

  Decrease in genetic variation
• What is the benefit of artificial twinning?

  Creates more identical embryos
• What is somatic cell nuclear transfer?

  A method of cloning animals
• How can cloned animals be used in research?

  To test drugs with controlled variables
• What is the purpose of recombinant DNA technology?

  To create transgenic organisms
• What is a potential benefit of transgenic crops?

  Increased yields and reduced chemical use
• What is a concern regarding genetically modified organisms?

  Potential harm to ecosystems