Volcano

• Volcano is the natural opening in the surface of earth
• Active have a record of eruption (600)
• Inactive have not erupted (10,000)
• PHIVOLCS Philippine institute of volcanology and seismology
• Mayon most active volcano
• Iraya least active volcano
• Kanlaon, mayon, taal, smith, iraya is the five active volcanoes
• Cocoro, cabaluyan, pulung, tamburok, urot is an inactive volcanoes
• External parts of volcano base summit slope
• Base lowest part, bottom or supporting layer
• Summit is the highest point or the apex
• Slope surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another
• Magma reservior- molten rocks beneath earths surface
• Sill flat piece of rock formed when magma hardens in crack
• Solidified lava molten rocks/ that solidifies as it cools
• Crater- mouth of a volcano
• Conduit- an underground passage
• Throats- entrance of a volcano
• Ash- fragments of lava or rock smaller than 2mm in size
• Ash clouds- cloud of ash (formed by volcanic eruption)
• Lava flow- that pour ooze from erupting vent
• Dike- are tabular or sheet like bodies
• Vents- an opening in earths surface
• Primary factors affecting the volcanoes eruptive style- magmatemperature, chemical composition, amount of dissolve gasses it contains
• Viscosity- property of materials resistance to flow
• Magmatemperature- the higher the temperature
• Chemical composition- magma with high silica content
• Amount of dissolve gasses it contains- gas dissolve in magma
• Types of volcanic eruption- phreatic, phreatomagmatic, strombolian, volcanian, plinian
• Phreatic- stream driven eruption as the hot rock come in (contact in water)
• Phreatomagmatic- violent eruption due to the contact (between water and magma)
• Strombolian- periodic weak to violent eruption characterized by (fountain lava)
• Vulcanian- characterized by tall eruption colums that reach up to 20km (high pyroclastic flow and ashfall)
• Plinian- excessively explosive type of (eruption of gas and pyroclastic)
• One way to classify volcanoes is -by their cones
• Shield- formed by the accumulation for lava that ooze out (mauna lau volcano)
• Cinder- built from ejexted lava fragments (paricutin volcano)
• Composite- also known as stratovolcanoes/nearly perfect slope (mayon volcano)
• Geothermal energy- heat from earth interior which source of energy
• How is geothermal energy generated(two ways)- geothermal powe plants, geothermal heat pumps