Cells in diff. solutions

• Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration. Semi permeable membrane is required for it to occur.
• Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Semi permeable membrane is not required.
• Isotonic solution is a solution that has the same solute concentration as the extracellular fluid
• Hypertonic solution is a solution with a lower water potential than the cell
• Hypotonic solution is a solution which is has higher water potential than the cell.
• Osmosis in plant cell

  Isotonic - Equal movement of water in and out of cell. Size remains same. Cell becomes flaccid.

  Hypotonic - more water enters the cell. Cell gains water and swells up. Cell becomes turgid .

  Hypertonic - more water leaves the cell. Cell loses water. Cell becomes plasmolysed.

  
• Osmosis in animal cell 


  Isotonic - Equal movement of water in and out of the cell. Size of cell remains unchanged. Hypotonic - more water enters the cell. Cell gains water and swells up. It can become lysed due to no cell wall Hypertonic - more water exits the cell. Cell loses water and shrinks

  
• Plasmolysis is the process by which cytoplasm and cell membrane shrinks away from the cell wall when a plant is kept in a hypertonic solution.