RAWS

• is a large unit of written language. It  is  a  coherent  set  of  words,  phrases,  and sentences that expresses one main point or central idea.

  Text
• is a formal and often lengthy discussion of a topic, where concepts and insights are arranged in an organized and logical manner.

  Discourse
• to provide descriptive and comprehensive discussion on the topic.

  to inform
• PURPOSE OF DISCOURSE

  to inform

  to persuade

  to entertain
• A discourse that aims to persuade tries to convince the readers that the proposed claim or solution is better than any other proposal.

  to persuade
• a discourse that aims to amuse provides a source of entertainment for its readers.

  to entertain
• Factors of Discourse

  Culture

  Social Environment

  Experiences
• The beliefs, customs, attitudes, language, and other things that define culture may influence the author’s perspective on several issues.

  culture
• The author’s physical surroundings and social relationships, as well as the culture of the time may have influenced his or her writing.

  Social environment
• Personal accounts or firsthand experience of events, though subjective, establish credibility and reliability of information presented in any discourse.

  experiences
• TYPES OF DISCOURSE

  argumentation

  description

  exposition

  narration

  literary discourse

  academic discourse
• is the act or process of making and presenting arguments and tries to persuade the audience or readers.

  argumentation
• It is based on the main impression of the author about the topic or subject. His or her impression is influenced by prior knowledge, culture, environment, and experiences, among others.

  description
• This type of discourse is like storytelling. It recalls events chronologically. 

  narration
• This aims to inform about, clarify, and explain a phenomenon. It defines what something is and provides an in-depth discussion about topics that are usually less explored.

  exposition
• is generally focused on creative works such as poetry, short stories, novels, plays, and even nonfiction. 

  literary discourse
• TYPES OF LITERARY DISCOURSE

  poetic

  expressive

  transactional
• This type of discourse is commonly found in creative works like poems, novels, short stories, and plays. It focuses on how language is used to form themes and convey ideologies.

  poetic
• commonly found in academic journals, letters, diaries, and blogs. It is a personal narrative and is typically written in the first-person point of view. In the process, the writer reveals something about his or her identity.

  expressive
• commonly found in instructional materials, advertisements, and editorial articles, among others. It provides detailed information on how something is done or achieved. Moreover, it encourages the reader to do something or to take an action.

  transactional
• is expository or argumentative in nature. Sometimes, it presents an individual's insights regarding a concept or method in a scholarly way.

  academic discourse
• PARTS OF ACADEMIC DISCOURSE

  introduction

  body

  conclusion
• In this part, the writer states the significance of the topic and the issues that need to be addressed. Also, the writer mentions the objectives of the discourse and how it may be beneficial or detrimental.

  introduction
• In this part, the writer discusses the methods of gathering information. He or she then presents the findings and interprets them. Moreover, he or she formulates arguments and supports them with evidence.

  body
• In this part, the writer reiterates the claims and asserts his or her stand. He or she may include insights and recommendations for further studies.

  conclusion