The heart

• What is the circulatory system also called?

  Cardiovascular system
• What is the main function of the circulatory system?

  To transport substances around the body
• What organs make up the circulatory system?

  Heart, blood vessels, and blood
• What does blood carry in the circulatory system?

  Oxygen, nutrients, cells, and waste products
• What role do blood vessels play in the circulatory system?

  They hold and direct blood around the body
• How does the heart function in the circulatory system?

  It pumps blood to ensure continuous flow
• What is a double circulatory system?

  It contains two separate circuits for blood flow
• What are the two circuits in the double circulatory system?

  Pulmonary circuit and systemic circuit
• What happens in the pulmonary circuit?

  Blood flows from the heart to the lungs
• What happens in the systemic circuit?

  Blood flows from the heart to body tissues
• What are the four chambers of the heart?

  Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
• What are the atrioventricular valves' function?

  They ensure blood flows in one direction
• How should the left and right sides of the heart be labeled?

  According to the person's perspective facing the heart
• Why does the left ventricle have a thicker muscular wall?

  It pumps blood around the entire body
• What is the body's largest vein?

  Vena cava
• What happens when the right atrium fills with blood?

  It contracts and pumps blood into the right ventricle
• What does the pulmonary artery do?

  It carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation
• What is the function of the pulmonary vein?

  It carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium
• What does the aorta do?

  It carries oxygenated blood to the body
• What is the role of coronary arteries?

  They supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
• What can happen if coronary arteries get blocked?

  It can lead to coronary artery disease or heart attack
• What is the process of blood circulation in the heart?

  1. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium via vena cava.
  2. Right atrium contracts, pumping blood to right ventricle.
  3. Right ventricle pumps blood to lungs via pulmonary artery.
  4. Oxygenated blood returns to left atrium via pulmonary vein.
  5. Left atrium contracts, pumping blood to left ventricle.
  6. Left ventricle pumps blood to body via aorta.
• What are the differences between the right and left ventricles?

  • Right ventricle:
  • Pumps blood to lungs
  • Thinner muscular wall
  • Left ventricle:
  • Pumps blood to the body
  • Thicker muscular wall
• What resources are available on the Cognito website?

  • Videos on various topics
  • Questions and flashcards
  • Exam-style questions and past papers
  • Progress tracking for study