Situational explanations, deprivation

• the deprivation model by Clemmers
• deprivation model places the causes of institutional aggression within the prison environment itself
• Harsh prison conditions are stressful for inmates who cope by resorting to aggressive and violent behaviour
• 1. Deprivation of material goods, Increase competition among inmates to acquire them leads to use of aggression to help acquisition
• 2. deprivation of heterosexual relationships prisons are single sex leading to aggression and frustration
• 3. Govt report in 2014 found an association between rates of murder ,suicide and assaults with overcrowding in British prisons
• 4. High temperature and noise worsen the effects of overcrowding leading to more aggressive behaviour
• 5. irregular use of 'lockups' to control behaviour reduces stimulation as removes opportunity for interesting activity and access to goods such as TV time → leads to frustration and aggression