self-report questionnaires and interviews

• What do self-report methods involve?

  Asking people for information about themselves
• What are the two main types of self-report methods?

  Questionnaires and interviews
• What are the strengths of self-report methods?

  • Study unobservable opinions and reasons
  • Quick way to study behaviors
• What are the limitations of self-report methods?

  • Socially desirable answers may occur
  • Influenced by investigator effects or demand characteristics
• What is a questionnaire?

  A list of pre-set questions in written form
• What is the difference between open and closed questions?

  Closed questions have restricted answers; open allow explanations
• What type of data do closed questions yield?

  Quantitative data in the form of numbers
• How can closed questions include rating scales?

  Participants rate opinions on a scale from 1-7
• What type of data do open questions yield?

  Qualitative data with richer, detailed responses
• What should be considered when constructing a questionnaire?

  • Aim of the questionnaire
  • Length should be short and concise
  • Questions must be clear and understandable
  • Conduct a pilot study for feedback
  • Choice of open or closed questions
• What is a structured interview?

  An interview with pre-set questions in order
• What is an unstructured interview?

  An interview resembling a conversation with flexible questions
• What are the strengths of interviews?

  • Study thoughts and opinions directly
  • Clarify misunderstood questions
  • Adapt questions for understanding
  • Structured interviews are replicable
  • Unstructured interviews yield detailed, valid data
• What are the weaknesses of interviews?

  • Interviewer effects may bias responses
  • Subjectivity in data collection
  • Participants may provide socially desirable answers
  • Structured interviews limit response validity
  • Unstructured interviews are hard to replicate
• What is the objective of the review task in the lesson?

  To outline self-report methods and their limitations
• What is one limitation of a self-report technique?

  Questionable validity due to subjectivity
• What is an advantage of using open questions?

  They provide depth and detail in responses