Environment Quiz

• The Atmosphere

  a mixture of gaseous substances
• Percent Composition of Air

  nitrogen 78.03%

  oxygen 20.99%

  Carbon Dioxide .033%
• Carbon Dioxide has a small presence but a large __________.

  effect on atmospheric health
• What is nitrogen fixation?


  Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
• What are the different types of Nitrogen Fixation?

  atmospheric fixation (includes lightning)

  biological fixation

  industrial fixation
• What is air pollution?

  gaseous, liquid, or solid substances that when present in sufficient concentration for a sufficient time and under certian conditions, tend to interfere with human comfort, health, or welfare and cause damage to the environment it causes acid rain, ozone depletion, photochemical fog, and other such phenomena
• possible carcinogens

  Nitrosamines

  carbon tetrachloride

  chloroform

  saccharin
• Common air pollutants include

  sulfur oxides, particulates, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, photochemical oxidants, chlorofluorocarbons
• What has more pollution, the East or West in the country?

  East because because of population
• Chlorofluorocarbons are problematic because

  they do not dissolve readily into the atmosphere, they destroy the ozone layer, and they are cancer causing
• F-11 can stay for _________ years

  75
• F-12 can stay for __________ years.

  100
• Chlorofluorocarbons destroy the ozone layer. What has that damage looked like up to this point?

  over the last ten years, there has been a 2.5% decrease in ozone
• By what time can the ozone ideally recover?

  2049-2065
• CFC's must be __________________

  replaced
• Complete combustion


  always gives CO2 and H2O
• Partial combustion


  always gives sulfur
• 90% of atmospheric sulfur is a result of ___________________________.

  human activity (usually burning fossil fuels)
• What are four types of fossil fuel combustion?

  Coal (carbon)

  fuel oils (hydrocarbons)

  gasoline

  natural gas
• What is involved in a coal reaction?

  coal (C)

  n. gas (CH4)

  octane (C8H18)
• Mostly, ____________ are the highest consumed pollutants.

  coal, gas, and oil
• What makes moving away from fossil fuels difficult?

  used in less developed countries

  cheap

  population increase

  complex and interdependent system
• When oil consumption was decreasing a lot in the USA, what spiked it up again?

  Fracking
• acid rain


  Rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water.
• What are main causes of acid rain (4)?

  the bunning of sulfur

  asbestos

  metal fillings

  beryllium
• T/F: S8 and P4 exist alone

  false
• Solid Particulates


  are a partial solution to fossil fuel

  smoke is charged and deposited as dust (electrostatic costrel particles)
• Removing Gases


  is a partial solution to fossil fuel & can be done four ways:

  1.wet limestone

  2.low sulfur products

  3.catalytic converters

  4.unburned hydrocarbons
• Examples of low sulfur alternatives

  coal, natural gas, fuel
• Global Warming is affected by

  carbon dioxide

  methane

  water

  nitrous oxide
• What are the three ways that the Climate is Changing?

  temperature rising

  precipitation increased

  sea level rose
• What causes 25% of greenhouse gas emissions?

  electricity and heat production (which is mostly on an individual level)
• What is the main greenhouse gas and how effective is it?

  Carbon Dioxide; 55%
• What is methane's presence in the atmosphere?

  15%
• Which is more dangerous: methane or CO2?

  Methane
• 32% of waste is contributed by...


  individuals
• 68% of greenhouse gases is caused by


  industry
• What are the main water pollutants?

  Phosphates and other nutrients
• What are examples of water pollution?

  laundry detergent

  fertilizers

  certain rocks

  sewage and other waste
• How do rocks contribute to water pollution?

  aerobic (oxygen)->anaerobic bacteria

  cause and increase eutrophication

  
  

  mineral weathering can cause them to deposit more nutrients into the water and cause this to happen