Chapter 4: Attitudes and Persuasion
Cards (101)
- This term refers to specific focus of an individual's attitude, such as a person, idea, behavior, or object?
- What are the Tricomponent View of Attitudes? *hint: CAB
- Beliefs and thoughts about an object?
- Feelings or emotions toward an object?
- Behavior toward an object?
- This term refers to a person's evaluation of feelings toward a particular object, person, idea, or situation, which can influence their behavior?
- Which two concepts are the reasons that we form attitudes?
- Is "evaluation tendency" automatic or deliberate?
- This term refers to the desire to form judgements about oneself and others to understand and navigate social interactions?
- Which attitude is activated automatically from memory?
- Which attitude is consciously held, careful, and deliberate?
- Which test measures reaction time differences when responding to two concepts to determine how related those concepts are at an implicit level?
- A group to which we orient ourselves, with which we emotionally identify is known as?
- What 4 main ways that attitudes can be automatically formed?
- The term refers to a phenomenon where people develop a preference for things or individuals they are exposed to repeatedly?
- This term is referred to as a form of conditioning, also called subliminal conditioning, where an individual learns to associate a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, leading to a conditioned response.
- What type of conditioning can lead to attitude formationand is often used in advertising?
- In social groups, group labels are paired with negativity in the environment which can produce dislike for the group, same thing with positivity. This is an example in which type of conditioning?
- What contributes the most to the affective, feelings component of attitudes?
- This term refer to the process of learning through rewards and punishments for behaviors exhibited within social contexts?
- This term is referred to as a type of learning that involves watching the way others are rewarded or punished as they interact with an attitude-object?
- This term is referred to as the actions, interactions, and communication patterns individuals exhibit within the public domain or shared spaces of society, often influenced by social norms and expectations?
- This term refers to the idea that people learn from others about what behaviors are acceptable?
- Which type of conditioning works to influence behavioral component of attitudes? *hint: rewards and punishments = influence of behavior about a particular behavior.
- Since embodied cognition refers to the idea that our cognitive processes are influenced by bodily sensations and movements with the environment, we can infer that ___ can influence attitudes. What word goes in the missing blank?
- What refers to the ease and smoothness with which a task can be performed or completed?
- Using your dominant hand during a task increases liking (Brinol & Petty, 2004) is an example of?
- When you engage and create more likeness when infromation is presented on your dominant hand side of the screen this is associated with? *hint: dominant hand comes with ease and smoothness when you complete tasks.
- Within the Nodding/Shaking Head during unrelated tasks experiment, those who nodded were more likely to have ___ attitudes toward the message. Meanwhile, those who shook their heads were more likely to have ___ attitudes toward the message. Fill in the blank with either positive or negative.
- Within the Pulling toward the body vs. Pushing away from the body experiment, when pushing away during the task, they liked the symbols ___ than those people pulling toward oneself. Fill in the blank with either the word more or less.
- Attitude objects that are paired with positive outcomes forms positive attitudes about the object. Which type of conditioning shows that this is usually the case?
- What term refers to the uncomfortable psychological tension that arises when individuals hold conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors?
- This theory proposes that individuals experience discomrfort when their beliefs or attitudes conflict with their actions leading them to seek harmony among their cognitions?
- We want to appear consistent in our thoughts and behavior is an example of which theory?
- Since we want to appear consistent in our thoughts and behavior, when we are inconsistent in these things it makes us feel bad, unpleasant, and confused. To avoid this bad feeling, what do we use?
- This term refers to when an individual's actions or attitudes lack a clear rationale or justification, often leading to cognitive dissonance or discomfort?
- When employees are given little autonomy or control over their work and are not given external rewards for their efforts, they may justify their behavior by attributing greater intrinsic value to their work. This is an example of?
- A person who freely chooses behavior she/he doesn’t like experiences dissonance is an example of ___ and dissonance?
- This term refers to the tendency for individuals to value something more highly if they've put effort into obtaining it?
- The harder (more unpleasant, dangerous, costly, degrading) it is to accomplish something, the more a person values it. Once they have completed the effort, if they don’t value it, dissonance occurs. This is a representation of?