Lablab sts

• **Aristotle**:

  • Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath
  • Conducted empirical studies, laying the foundation for modern science
• **Nicolaus Copernicus**:

  • Father of Modern Astronomy
  • Proposed the heliocentric model, where the sun is at the center of the solar system
• **Claudius Ptolemy**:

  • Alexandrian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer
  • Advocated for the geocentric model, with the Earth at the center of the universe
• **Johannes Kepler**:

  • Brilliant mathematician
  • Developed laws of planetary motion based on empirical data
• **Tycho Brahe**:

  • Danish astronomer known for his accurate astronomical observations
  • Data was used by Kepler to formulate his laws of planetary motion
• **Galileo Galilei**:

  • Italian natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician
  • Made fundamental contributions to science and invented the telescope
• **Isaac Newton**:

  • Greatest English mathematician of his generation
  • Formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation
• **Charles Darwin**:

  • English naturalist, geologist, and biologist
  • Proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection
• **William Paley**:

  • English Anglican clergyman and philosopher
  • Known for his natural theology, arguing for the existence of God based on observations of nature
• **Sigmund Freud**:

  • Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis
  • Known as the Father of Psychoanalysis, revolutionizing the understanding of human psychology
• **Id**:

  • Basic instinctual drive focused on seeking pleasure, avoiding pain, and minimizing suffering
  • Develops first and operates mostly at an unconscious level
• **Ego**:

  • Reality principle focused on negotiating between the demands of the id, the constraints of reality, and the standards of the superego
  • Mostly operates in the conscious mind but also partly in the unconscious
• **Superego**:

  • Moral principle governing conscience and idealized self-image
  • Guides behavior based on moral standards, distinguishing between right and wrong
  • Operates in both the conscious and unconscious mind
• Mesopotamia:

  • The name Mesopotamia comes from the Greek words meaning "country between two rivers," referring to the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
  • Located in modern-day Iraq, Mesopotamia was home to ancient civilizations such as the Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians
  • Known for early developments in agriculture, writing (cuneiform), mathematics, and the invention of the wheel
  • Built city-states with complex irrigation systems and monumental architecture, including ziggurats and temples
• Egypt:

  • Ancient Egypt was renowned for advancements in various sciences, including medicine, engineering, and surveying
  • Notable achievements include the construction of massive pyramids, temples, and monuments, demonstrating advanced architectural and engineering techniques
  • Developed a complex system of government and religion centered around the pharaoh, with a hierarchical society and a pantheon of gods and goddesses
  • Flourished along the Nile River, which provided fertile land for agriculture and facilitated trade and transportation
• **Pre-Spanish Period**:

  • Filipinos engaged in activities related to science, forming the primitive basis of first-wave technology
• **Spanish Period**:

  • Spaniards established schools, hospitals, and conducted scientific research
  • Advanced agriculture and introduced biology
  • Introduced the Galleon Trade, facilitating exchange with other countries
• **American Period**:

  • Established the Bureau of Government Laboratories and the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP)
  • Focus on scientific research and development, laying the groundwork for future advancements
• **Ferdinand Marcos**:

  • Promoted science courses in public high schools
  • Established the Philippine Science Community in Bicutan, Taguig
  • Supported the modernization of the coconut industry through the Philippine Coconut Research Institute (PHILCORIN)
• **Corazon Aquino**:

  • Renamed the National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA) to the Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
  • Implemented the Science and Technology Master Plan to guide national development
• **Fidel Ramos**:

  • Implemented the Doctors to the Barrio Program to improve healthcare access in remote areas
  • Created national programs to support gifted Filipino students in science and engineering
• **Joseph Estrada**:

  • Implemented cost-effective irrigation technologies
  • Provided basic healthcare services to underserved communities
• **Gloria Macapagal Arroyo**:

  • Developed the science and technology sector to strengthen the education system and address poverty
  • Coined the term "FILIPINNOVATION" to position the Philippines as an innovation hub in Asia
• **Benigno “Noynoy” Aquino III**:

  • Initiated Project NOAH
  • Implemented the K-12 curriculum, focusing on STEM education
  • Introduced the Valley Fault System Atlas (VFSA) to aid disaster preparedness
• **Rodrigo Duterte**:

  • Prioritized agriculture and disaster preparedness
  • Formulated programs and policies to shape the country's development and resilience
• Aisa Mijeno:

  • Filipina scientist known for inventing the salt lamp, providing sustainable lighting solutions
• Ramon C. Barba:

  • Filipino scientist credited with inventing a method to induce flowering in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate, revolutionizing mango cultivation
• Fe V. Del Mundo:

  • Dubbed the Mother of Philippine Pediatrics for her significant contributions to child healthcare
  • First Asian woman admitted into Harvard Medical School, paving the way for women in medicine
• Maria Y. Orosa:

  • Notable woman chemist and pharmacist from Batangas, Philippines
  • Invented "Soyalac," among other food innovations, contributing to food security and nutrition in the Philippines
• Angel Alcala:

  • Filipino scientist known for inventing artificial coral reefs, contributing to marine conservation and biodiversity preservation
• Gavino C. Trono - Filipino marine biologist - Father of Kappaphycus farming - Father of Seaweed Diversity
• Arabic Alphabet:

  • Second most widely used alphabet with 28 letters
• Banaue Rice Terraces:

  • Considered the finest product of engineering
• Black Rice:

  • A book by Judith Carnoy that focuses on the province of rice