Exercise 6: Mitosis

• Mitosis - type of cell division that produces two genetically identical cells for somatic cells?
• What is the role of mitosis in unicellular eukaryotes?

  Asexual reproduction
• What is the role of mitosis for multicellular eukaryotes?

  Development;

  Growth;

  Repair
• At the end of mitosis, the number of chromosomes for each daughter cell is how many?

  same as parent cell.
• In plants, cells in tips of shoots and roots are active in cell division
• In animals, when is cell division best observed?

  embryonic development
• What is the non-dividing phase of the cell cycle?

  Interphase
• Among G1-phase, S-phase, and G2-phase, what stage does the nuclear genetic material double, but chromosomes remain constant?

  S-phase
• What does a chromosome consist of after S-phase?

  Two sister chromatids
• In the dividing phase, the M-phase includes what?

  Mitosis and cytokinesis.
• Mitosis - nuclear division, in which equal number of monad chromosomes are distributed to the daughter nuclei
• Cytokinesis - partitioning of the cytoplasm to form the two daughter cells
• What part of the cell cycle does the nucleus stay intact, have one or more nucleoli, and have uncoiled chromosomes?

  Interphase
• Chromatin - uncoiled and form a network of very long and thin fibers in interphase
• What is the part of mitosis wherein chromatin condenses to chromosomes, and nuclear membrane and nucleoli begin to disintegrate?

  Prophase
• During metaphase, how are chromosomes aligned in the middle of the cell?

  Spindle fibers
• What part of the cell cycle are dyad chromosomes in their most condensed state?

  Metaphase
• During anaphase, what is separated as the sister chromatids are split into monad chromosomes moving to the poles?

  Centromeres
• Monad chromosome - a single chromosome that is the only chromosome in a cell
• How does mitosis end wherein the chromosomes BEGIN to uncoil again and nuclear envelope STARTS to form?

  Telophase
• In cytokinesis of animal cells, what is formed from the constriction in plasma membrane that pinches off as the cell divides?

  Cleavage furrow
• In cytokinesis of plant cells, what is formed as the cell divides, which becomes the middle lamella laid down between daughter cells?

  Cell plate
• What is the stage in interphase where the cell refuses to be active in metabolism (resting)?

  G0-phase
• From the image, what is the stage of the cell in the cell cycle?

  Interphase

  
• From the image, what is the stage of the cell in the cell cycle?

  Prophase

  
• From the image, what is the stage of the cell in the cell cycle?

  Metaphase

  
• From the image, what is the stage of the cell in the cell cycle?

  Anaphase

  
• From the image, what is the stage of the cell in the cell cycle?

  Telophase

  
• If an original parent cell has 15 chromosomes, what would be the number of chromosomes after 2 Mitotic divisions?

  60 chromosomes
• If a parent cell has 20 chromosomes, how many monad chromosomes are present during anaphase?

  40