Alkylating Agents

• Alkylating agents exert their cytotoxic effects by covalently bind to nucleophilic groups on various cell constitute
• The crucial cytotoxic reaction of alkylating agent is methylation of DNA
• Cell cycle is nonspecific (multiple phase, dose-dependent, thus higher SE)
• Alkylating agents mainly acts on G1 and S phase
• Alkylating agents prevent cell division by cross-linking DNA strands
• Nitrogen mustards:

  1. mechloethamine
  2. cyclophosphamide
  3. ifosfamide
  4. chlorambucil
  5. melphalan
• Nitroureas:

  1. carmustine
  2. lomustine
  3. semustine
  4. streptozocin
• Platinum analogs:

  1. cisplatin
  2. oxaliplatin
  3. carboplatin
• Others:

  1. procarbazine
  2. dacarbazine
  3. bendamustine
  4. busulfan