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Biology paper 2
Homeostasis and response
menstrual cycle
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Cards (23)
What is the endocrine system responsible for?
Releasing
hormones
into the bloodstream
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What hormone do the testes produce?
Testosterone
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What does testosterone stimulate in men?
Production of
sperm
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What hormone do the ovaries produce?
Estrogen
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What happens to eggs in the ovaries after puberty begins?
They start to mature
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What is ovulation?
Release of an egg every
28 days
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What occurs to the uterus lining during ovulation?
It
becomes
thick
and
spongy
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What happens if the egg is fertilized?
It can implant into the
uterus
wall
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What happens if the egg is not fertilized?
The egg and
uterus lining
are released
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What are the four key hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Estrogen
Progesterone
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What does follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) do?
Causes an egg to mature in the
ovary
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What is the role of luteinizing hormone (LH)?
Causes the
egg
to be
released
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What is the function of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?
Maintains the uterus lining and inhibits
FSH
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What does progesterone do after ovulation?
Prevents release of
FSH
and
LH
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What happens to progesterone levels if fertilization does not occur?
Progesterone
levels
fall
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How does FSH affect estrogen production?
FSH
triggers the
ovaries
to make
estrogen
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What is the relationship between estrogen and FSH levels?
Estrogen
inhibits
FSH
production
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What happens to LH levels during ovulation?
LH levels peak around
day 14
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What is the significance of the menstrual cycle's 28-day duration?
It indicates the regularity of
ovulation
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What is the outcome if fertilization occurs?
The fertilized
egg
can
implant
in the uterus
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What is the role of the pituitary gland in the menstrual cycle?
It releases
FSH
and
LH
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How do the levels of hormones change during the menstrual cycle?
They
fluctuate
in
response
to
each
other
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What is the result of the menstrual cycle if no fertilization occurs?
The woman has a
period
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