DRRR

• ECONOMIC


  •THE POOR people much suffer than rich people
• Environmental degration


  • Most affected are the poor farmers and indigenous

  Political impacts of disaster
• PHYSICAL / MATERIAL


  • BEFORE the disaster poor people suffer from crises than richer people.
• PHYSICAL / MATERIAL


  • BEFORE the disaster poor people suffer from crises than richer people.
• HUMAN/BIOLOGICAL


  * During and after disasters, high incidence of diseases an the most common form of epidimic diseases because of congested evacuation areas.stSocial effects of disaster

  * This are those who survived from disaster but suffer fromispposttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
• Effects of disaster

  * Human/biological

  * Social effect of disaster

  * Physical/material

  * Psychological

  * Economic

  * Environmental degration

  * Political impact of disasters
• * Pre disaster


  - activities focus on reducing the community vulnerability to hazards
• * Post disaster


  -focuses on improving emergency response and broadening the range of support given by victims which include facilitation of relief delivery and rapid recovery.
• Lost management


  * These are the pre and post disaster actions designed to keep the losses at the minimum of human,structural and economic aspects.
• According to DepEd (2008), identified three essential components in determing risks.Which are as follows:


  * 1. hazard

  * 2. elements at risk

  * 3. vulnerability of the elements at risk
• The concept of Capacity


  UNISDR (2009), refers to all strenghts,attributes, resources available within a community organization or society that can be used to achieve an agreed goal. this qualities give space to citizens and communities to cope with to reduce the risk of disaster through preparation ,militigation and recovery.this capacities categorized as socioeconomic, political cultural, physical, organizational and leadership. (saving,adequate income and food sources, local knowledge,etc.)
• Elements of society

  * 1. physical;

  * 2. social: includes people(their lives and health 3. Economic: includes livelihood and economic

  activities(jobs,equipments, crops, livestock)

  • 4. environment: include natural environment.
• ELEMENTS AT RISK


  • ACCORDING to (Kotze and Geist, 2006), the elements of society are considered at risk when they exposed to hazards and there is a probability that they will be badly affected by the impact of those hazards when they happen.

  Elements of society
• Disaster Risk


  * Is also define as the probability of harmful consequences or expected losses. (death, injuries,property,livelihood, econ omic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between natural or human induced hazard and vulnerable conditions. This can be express as:

  * Risk= Chance(c)x loss(1)
• Disaster risk-


  is the chance or likehood of suffering harm and loss as a result of a hazardous event. It closely depends upon the exposure of a person or a community to a hazard.

  * Example: people living in low lying mountainous areas or in quarrying, logging, or mining site face serious disaster risk.
• DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION (DRRR)


  * Systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risk of disaster.

  * Aims to promote sustainable development by increasing the resilience of communities to any disaster they might face.
• DISASTER

  (UNISDR,2004),


  Define as a serious DISRUPTION of the functioning of the community or a society causing widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses.
• Impacts of disaster

  • Loss of lives

  •Diseases

  • Injuries

  • Other negative effects on humans (physical, mental, and social well-being,together with damage of properties.)
• DISASTER (WHO,2002),


  any occurrence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human

  life, deterioration of health and health services, on scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community or area.
• WHEN DOES DISASTER OCCUR?

  It occurs in a shorter period of time.
• WHY IS THE PHILLIPINES A DISASTER

  PRONE AREA?

  * Surrounded of water warm ocean water

  * Coastal homes(world bank estimates)

  * Deforestation * underdevelopment

  * Many fault line
• BASIC CONCEPT IN UNDERSTANDING A DISASTER

  * 1. The exposure to a hazard

  * 2. the conditions of vulnerability

  * 3. insufficient capacity
• THE CONCEPT OF HAZARD


  • A hazard is a situation or an occurrence with capacity to bring damages to lives, properties and environment.
• Types of hazard

  * 1. Natural Hazard

  * 2. Human Made

  * 3. Combination or socionatural hazards
• Natural hazard


  - Natural phenumena that pose treats or cause negative impacts to people and property.

  - Example: Typhoon,storm surge,flood/flash flood, earthquake, tsunami, volcanic eruption, lahar flows,drought,redietide, pestilence,soil erosion/landslide
• Human made


  • - it include civil conflict, displacement due to development projects, environmental degration, industria technological hazards like leakage of toxic waste, oil, spill, fish kills, nuclear, gaseous, chemical

  contamination,drought fires, soil erosion/ landslide and flood
• Combination or socionatural hazards


  * - flooding and drought can fall under this category if these are due to deforestation.

  * Both natural and human made factors.
• Intrinsic vulnerabilities


  Is the observed, inferred or suspected degree to which characteristics.

  Example: shape thickness and material they made.
• Extrinsic vulnerabilities


  If the higher risk is due to external circumtances.

  Example: location and distance
• The concept of vulnerability


  • The Asian Disaster preparedness center (2006,p.10) defines as a set of prevailing or consequential condition, which adversely affect the community's ability to prevent ,mitigate, prepare for and response to hazardous event.
• Categories of vulnerabilities

  1. Physical/material vulnerability

  2. Social/organizational vulnerability

  3. Attitudinal/motivational vulnerability
• Physical/material vulnerability


  * For example poor people who have few physical and it suffe material resources usually suffer more from disaster than rich people.

  * Meaning they have difficulty surviving and recovering from a calamity than people who are better off economically.

  * Example: capital, land water, other means of production,health facilities, electricity housing.
• Social/ organizational vulnerabilities 


  * People who have been marginalized in social, economic, or political terms are vulnerable to suffering and trom disaster, where as group that are well-organized and have high commitment to their members suffer less durin disaster. For example, deep division can lead conflict and waristeConflict over resources due to poverty can also leaeople to violence. A second area of vulnerabilty then is the soci. and organizational aspect of community.

  idigenous

  * [divisions and conflict Seethnic, class, caste,religion, political groups.;
• Attitudinal/motivational vulnerability


  * People who have low confidence in their ability to affecint's respor change or who have "lost heart" and feel defeated by events they cannot control are harder hit by disaster than those who have a sense of their ability to bring the changes they desire.

  * Example faith, determination, fighting spirit, religious belief ,hopeless,consciousness)
• disaster


  represents extreme shock to the political syster of the country, increasing the number of citizen demands while simultaneously reducing a government's response capabilities.
• 3i's research title Examination of Classroom Cleaning Protocols’ Efficacy in Mitigating Health Risk Among Grade 8 students of HRA.