Nervous System

• The CNS consists of your brain and spinal cord. The brain and spinal cord are inside your skull and vertebrae (the vertebrae make up your backbone).
• The PNS has two parts, the Somatic Nervous System (SNS) and the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
• The nervous system has two main parts:

  • The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

  • The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off

  from the brain and spinal cord
• Under CNS is Brain and Spinal Cord
• Under PNS is Somatic and Autonomic
• Somatic Nervous System controls voluntary movements such as walking or writing
• Autonomic Nervous System controls involuntary actions like breathing, heart rate, digestion, etc.
• The 2 Main divisions of Autonomic NS is the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
• Nerve cells, also known as neurons
• A Neurotransmitter is a chemical substance that is released from a nerve cell and then transmits an impulse from a nerve cell to its target.
• Brain - This is an organ located within the skull that functions as

  organizer and distributor of information for the body.
• Cerebrum - large upper part of the brain that controls activity

  and thought.
• Cerebellum – the part under the cerebrum that controls

  posture, balance and coordination.
• Brain Stem – the part that connects the brain to the spinal cord

  and controls autonomic functions such as breathing, digestion,

  heart rate and blood pressure.
• Spinal Cord - This serves as a channel for signals between the

  brain and the rest of the body, and controls simple

  musculoskeletal reflexes without input from the brain.
• Spinal Nerves – the nerves that carry motor and sensory

  signals between the spinal cord and the body.
• Cranial Nerves – the nerve fibers that carry information into

  and out of the brain stem.
• Sympathetic – it is activated when the body is in a dynamic

  role or stress
• Parasympathetic – it maintains body functions and restores

  the body to normal or relaxed mode.
• Sensory neurons - carry information from tissues and organs into

  the central nervous system.

  Motor neurons - transport signals from the central nervous

  system to the effector cells.

  Interneurons - connect neurons within the central nervous system.
• Relay neurons - carry messages between sensory or motor neurons

  and the central nervous system

  Motor neurons - carry signals from the CNS to muscles, motor

  neurons are connected to the relay neurons.
• Synapse - small gap from axon to the dendrite of another neuron
• Dendrites - brings back information from other neurons and sends it to the cell body.
• Axon - carry information away from the cell body to the next cell.
• Homeostasis - process of which the body maintains a constant internal environment despite changes in the external environment
• Axon - takes away the impulse from the cell body to the next cell.
• The nervous system is composed of cells, tissue and organs that

  regulate the body’s responses to internal and external stimuli.
• The nervous system has two main divisions, which are the Central

  Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). The Central Nervous System (CNS) serves as the main “processing center” for the entire nervous system. It has two main parts, which are the brain, and the spinal cord.
• The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) contains all nerves that extend outside the brain and spinal cord. It has two main divisions, which are the Somatic Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System.