PH, atoms, molecules, elements, water TEST

• Protons have a positive charge (+).
• Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• The smallest unit that can exist is an atom.
• Neutrons are neutral (no charge).
• Electrons have a negative charge (-).
• The number of protons determines the element's identity (atomic number).
• An element is a substance composed of only one type of atom.
• A compound is formed when two or more different types of atoms chemically bond together to form a new substance with unique properties.
• Water (H2O) is the most abundant compound on Earth.
• Elements with similar properties form compounds by sharing or losing electrons to achieve stability.
• Water is a compound formed from hydrogen and oxygen.
• Ionic bonds occur between oppositely charged ions.
• Compound names are written using Latin prefixes that indicate how many atoms of each element are present.
• Atoms can be arranged differently within a compound but still maintain their chemical identities.
• Compound formation involves combining atoms from different elements into a single chemical entity.
• Water is called the mickey mouse molecule
• water exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
• Cohesion is the force that keeps water molecules together
• Adhesion allows water molecules to stick to different surfaces
• Hydroxide is when one hydrogen in H20 detaches and there is 0H left over. This is a negative alkalinic ion.
• Alkaline: having the properties of an alkali, or containing alkali; having a pH greater than 7
• If a solution is alkaline it will have more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions
• An acidic solution has more hydrogen atoms than hydroxide ions.
• PH is a measurement of acidity or alkalinity of a solution. The proportion of H+/H0- ions.
• A polar molecule has a positive side and negative side.
• Water is a polar molecule because it’s oxygen atoms are positive and hydrogen atoms are negative
• Ions are molecules or atoms with an unequal amount of protons and electrons. Ions are charged particles.
• The PH scale is exponential.
• Matter has mass and takes up space. Matter is made up of atoms. It is all the stuff in the universe.
• There are four types of matter: solid, liquid, gas and plasma.
• The difference between an atom and a molecule is that: An atom is the smallest unit of matter that still has all of the properties of its element, whereas a molecule is a structure that contains multiple atoms bonded together.
• Elements are pure substances.
• The smallest unit of a compound is a molecule.
• Atoms attach or connect by creating bonds with eachother, this bonding allows atoms to create new compounds like water.
• Atoms are the smallest particles of elements.
• In an atom protons = electrons and electrons=protons so atoms are neutral.
• The atomic number is the number of proton.
• An isotope is an atom of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.