MicroPara Lec

• Microbiology - study of microorganism that are so small.
• Microorganism - small living organism that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
• These microbes or microorganism can be categorized into:

  1. Cellular (Prokar, Eukar)
  2. Acellular (Viruses)
• Bacteria - single-celled prokaryotic organisms
• Fungi - eukaryotic cells that lack chlorophyll
• Division:

  1. Bacteriology
  2. Mycology
  3. Virology
  4. Parasitology
  5. Phycology
  6. Immunology
• Bacterology - study of bacteria.
• Mycology - study of fungi.
• Parasitology - study of protozoa and parasitic worms.
• Virology - study of viruses.
• Phycology - study of algae.
• Immunology - study of the immune system.
• Robert Hooke - Cell Theory.
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - father of microbiology and discovered bacteria and protozoa.
• Robert Koch - koch's postulate discovered bacteria that causes tuberculosis.
• Edward Jenner - vaccine.
• Paul Ehrlich - salvarsan (a drug for syph)
• Alexander Fleming - antibiotic.
• Louis Pasteur - pasteurization.
• Jospeh Lister - aseptic surgery.
• John Snow - cholera epidemic
• Bacteria - prokaryotic cells. composed of peptidoglycan. Have smaller ribosomes.
• Fungi - are eukaryotic cells, composed of chitin. Have larger ribosomes.
• Viruses - are acellular microorganisms, dont posses impt. structure of a cell.
• Capsomeres - repeating sub-units.
• Viruses - 1 type of nucleic acid. RNA and DNA cannot be both.
• Viruses - lack genes and enzymes.
• Viruses - obligate intracellular parasites.
• Protozoa - are eukaryotic cells. representatives for parasites.
• Protozoa outer surface is a flexible membrane called pellicle.
• Bacteria - minute, unicellular organisms. reproduce binary fission.
• 0.5-2.0 um - size of bacteria
• Bacterial Form (fundamental shapes)

  1. Cocci
  2. Bacilli
  3. Spirilla
• Cocci - spherical or round organisms.
• Bacilli - rod shaped organisms.
• Spirilla - spiralled or comma-shaped organisms.
• Arrangement of bacteria is affected by 2 factors:

  1. place of division
  2. position taken after cell division
• Pairs - diplococci
• Chains - streptococci, streptobacilli
• Grapelike Clusters - staphylococci