Q3 SS2: Types of Religion

• Hinduism was traced back from the Indus Valley civilization
• It was during the Vedic Age that its core beliefs were solidified and consolidated
• Upanishads are a vernacular version of the Vedaz
• The major teachings of Hinduism are dharma, karma, samsara, and moksha
• The atman is referred to one's soul and it is influenced by their good or bad deeds
• Karma is the human reaction to one's actions
• Dharma is the eternal inherent nature of reality
• Hindus believed that when they do good deeds, they will be reincarnated
• The Caste system determines one's social class. This also bases off on the karma of the person gets.
• The Caste system was also based on one's skin color, the darker it is the lower one's class would fall into.
• Moksha is the state of unity of the atman and Brahman.
• Samsara can be also referred to as the reincarnation sequence or the cycle of birth and rebirth.
• The Indian prince, Suddharta Gautama, lived the life of indulgence and was enlightened by the four types of man: a holy man, a dead man, a sick man, and an old man.
• The prince was enlightened by the holy man's state of peace and began to meditate under a bodhi tree, eventually achieving this peace and was later on call the Buddha.
• The four noble truths of Buddhaism are that life is filled with suffering and sorrow (first noble truth) and that these were caused by temporary selfish desires (second noble truth), that the way to end all suffering is to give up these desires (third noble truth), and that to overcome such desires and attain enlightenment is to follow the eightfold path which is also referred to as the Middle Way between self desires and self-denial (fourth noble truth).
• Nirvana is the enlightenment period of achieving one's eternal peace.
• The right view, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, concentration, and mindfulness are the eight paths to achieving enlightenment or nirvana.
• The Four Noble Truths is also called as dharma chakra.
• The religion Buddhaism was a rejection of the Caste system of Hinduism. Since there are more people from lower class than the higher class and that they suffer more than them, they were more likely to subscribe.
• Ramayana and Mahabharata were some stories that showcased some of the traditions of Hinduism.
• Bhagavad Gita was another source of beliefs, a part of the Upanishads.
• While Mesopotamia practiced polytheism, the Hebrews developed a monotheistic religion called Judaism.
• Abraham, the founder of Judaism, was given a covenant (a mutual promise or agreement) by God. This was read in the first five books of the Hebrew Bible called the Torah, the old testament for Christians. Abraham followed God's instructions and moved his people to Canaan
• Later on, the Hebrews migrated to Egypt due to famine and drought, and were enslaved by the Egyptians until a man named Moses, also a Hebrew, liberated them in an event called the Exodus.
• God instructed Moses to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt and cross the Red Sea to reach the Sinai Peninsula, where he receive the Ten Commandments.
• The Ten Commandments then became the basis of civil and religious Laws of Judaism that formed a new covenant between God and the Hebrews, as they believed God will protect them if they obey these commandments
• The Hebrew people travelled for 40 years in the Sinai Desert. When they arrived in Canaan, they were loosely organized into twelve self-governing tribes. They were named after the sons of Jacob, also known as Israel. With this, the Hebrew people became known as Israelites. In times of crisis, God chose series of judges to unite and lead the tribes.